{"id":73909,"date":"2019-01-22T18:34:13","date_gmt":"2019-01-22T14:34:13","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=73909","title":{"rendered":"\u0130cra qanunvericiliyi qanunun aliliyinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

 “\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunun 84-1-ci madd\u0259sinin m\u0259zmununa gör\u0259, icra s\u0259n\u0259dinin itirilm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 ya onun vaxt\u0131nda gönd\u0259rilm\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259, habel\u0259 borclunun i\u015f yeri v\u0259 ya ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yeri, onun g\u0259lirl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259mlak v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda d\u0259qiq olmayan m\u0259lumat t\u0259qdim edilm\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259 icra m\u0259muru t\u0259qsirkar \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin inzibati m\u0259suliyy\u0259t\u0259 c\u0259lb olunmas\u0131 üçün qanunvericiliy\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq inzibati x\u0259ta haqq\u0131nda protokol t\u0259rtib edir v\u0259 onu i\u015fin dig\u0259r materiallar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 müvafiq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 gönd\u0259rir (vergil\u0259r, faizl\u0259r v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 sanksiyalar\u0131 üzr\u0259 borclar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 (vergil\u0259rin öd\u0259nilm\u0259m\u0259si) il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar qanuni qüvv\u0259y\u0259 minmi\u015f m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rarlar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131na maneçilik tör\u0259tm\u0259 hallar\u0131 istisna olmaqla). Eyni zamanda icra qurumunun v\u0259 ya icra xidm\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n icra m\u0259murunun qanuni t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsin qanunsuz h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaradan hallar\u0131n aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin görülm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 yuxar\u0131 v\u0259 ya aidiyy\u0259ti t\u0259\u015fkilatlara t\u0259qdimat gönd\u0259ril\u0259 bil\u0259r. V\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsin qanunsuz h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaradan hallar\u0131n aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259qdimata bax\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda 1 ay müdd\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259lumat verilm\u0259lidir. <\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130cra m\u0259murunun mülahiz\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259stliyi ç\u0259rçiv\u0259sind\u0259 etdiyi h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na dair t\u0259qdimat m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yoxlan\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 bu hüququn müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 mü\u0259yy\u0259n olunur. Bu qayda konstitusiya hüququna özba\u015f\u0131na müdaxil\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259minat kimi ç\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir. Borclunun, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n müt\u0259madi icra edilm\u0259li olan öhd\u0259likl\u0259r üzr\u0259 borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olan \u0259saslar v\u0259 müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259l\u0259n meyarlar kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ayd\u0131nd\u0131r. Bu  qanunun 84.2 madd\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259, icra m\u0259murunun ça\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259kd\u0259n v\u0259 ya icra h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata keçirildiyi yer\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259kd\u0259n üzrsüz s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n yay\u0131nan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r bar\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin q\u0259rar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda m\u0259cburi g\u0259tirilm\u0259 t\u0259dbiri t\u0259tbiq olunur. Onun qanuni t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini q\u0259sd\u0259n yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259 ya onlar\u0131n yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259sin\u0259 mane olan v\u0259 yaxud ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rarlar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131 haqq\u0131nda qanunvericiliyi pozan t\u0259qsirkar \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n qanunvericiliyi il\u0259 mü\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015f qaydada cinay\u0259t m\u0259suliyy\u0259tin\u0259 c\u0259lb edilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 icra m\u0259muru müvafiq cinay\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 dair i\u015fl\u0259r üzr\u0259 ibtidai istintaq aparan orqana, icra xidm\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri (ba\u015f icra m\u0259muru) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259sdiq olunan t\u0259qdimat verir.<\/p>\n

“\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunda müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipi birba\u015fa n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmasa da, müvafiq m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tin t\u0259tbiq olunmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 h\u0259min prinsipin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rinin n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131 vacibdir. Bel\u0259 ki, müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipi Konstitusiyan\u0131n 71-ci madd\u0259sinin II hiss\u0259sind\u0259, habel\u0259 “Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda insan hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259sinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda” Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Konstitusiya Qanununun 3.4-cü madd\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259ks olunaraq konstitusiya statusu al\u0131b v\u0259 onun t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri konstitusiya hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130cra üzr\u0259 icraatda müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipinin t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259si h\u0259mçinin "\u0130nzibati icraat haqq\u0131nda" Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Qanununun 17-ci madd\u0259si (Fiziki v\u0259 ya hüquqi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin hüquqi statusuna (prinsipial h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131na) h\u0259r hans\u0131 müdaxil\u0259ni n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutan t\u0259dbirl\u0259r inzibati orqan\u0131n güddüyü qanuni m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259 müt\u0259nasib olmal\u0131, h\u0259min m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259 çatmaq üçün öz m\u0259zmunu, yeri, vaxt\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259 etdiyi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin dair\u0259si bax\u0131m\u0131ndan z\u0259ruri v\u0259 yararl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r) il\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b olunur v\u0259 “\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunun 1-1-ci madd\u0259sind\u0259 (\u0130cra qanunvericiliyi qanunun aliliyinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 ham\u0131n\u0131n qanun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi, obyektivlik, \u0259dal\u0259tlilik prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131r.) öz \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015f \u0259dal\u0259tlilik prinsipind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n

Konstitusiya M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si Plenumunun “Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259sinin 231.4-cü madd\u0259sinin \u015f\u0259rh edilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair” 4 iyul 2014-cü il tarixli Q\u0259rar\u0131nda da icra icraat\u0131 zaman\u0131 müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipin\u0259 riay\u0259t olunmas\u0131n\u0131n, t\u0259l\u0259bkar\u0131n v\u0259 borclunun hüquq v\u0259 qanuni maraqlar\u0131n\u0131n balans\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259min edilm\u0259sinin vacibliyi vur\u011fulay\u0131b. Bu madd\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n q\u0259tnam\u0259 icras\u0131na möhl\u0259t verilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya onun hiss\u0259-hiss\u0259 icra edilm\u0259si, q\u0259tnam\u0259nin icra üsulunun v\u0259 qaydas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si icra üzr\u0259 icraat\u0131n dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rardad\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259t veril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu hüquqi mövqe h\u0259m d\u0259 bax\u0131lan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 \u015famil olunur. Yuxar\u0131da qeyd edil\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259 nail olmaq üçün m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 qanunvericiliy\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq i\u015f\u0259 baxark\u0259n, h\u0259r bir konkret halda icra m\u0259murunun t\u0259qdimat\u0131nda olan m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tin mü\u0259yy\u0259n olunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131, borclunun buna qar\u015f\u0131 etirazlar\u0131n\u0131 öz daxili inam\u0131na gör\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259li, i\u015fi h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli, tam v\u0259 obyektiv ara\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 öz n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rini müvafiq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 akt\u0131nda \u0259sasland\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

“\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunun v\u0259 T\u0259limat\u0131n müvafiq normalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131na gör\u0259, icra m\u0259muru borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259qdimatla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r\u0259 riay\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 müraci\u0259t edir: icra s\u0259n\u0259dinin, icraata ba\u015flanmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 borcluya bildiri\u015f verildikd\u0259n sonra borclu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n könüllü qaydada icra edilm\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 bu \u0259m\u0259lin Qanunla n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f hüquqi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 borcluya bildirilm\u0259si. Buna müvafiq olaraq, T\u0259limat\u0131n 2.2.1-ci b\u0259ndin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 z\u0259rur\u0259ti yarand\u0131qda icra m\u0259muru t\u0259qdimatla m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 müraci\u0259t etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l könüllü icra üçün bildiri\u015fin borcluya r\u0259sm\u0259n t\u0259qdim olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259lidir;<\/p>\n

bar\u0259sind\u0259 icra üzr\u0259 icraat\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat\u0131 olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, borclu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n icra s\u0259n\u0259dind\u0259 \u0259ks olunmu\u015f t\u0259l\u0259bin üzrsüz s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n icra edilm\u0259m\u0259si (icra edilm\u0259sind\u0259n yay\u0131nmas\u0131) bar\u0259d\u0259 icra m\u0259murunda m\u0259lumat\u0131n olmas\u0131. Burada n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, T\u0259limat\u0131n 2.2.2-ci b\u0259ndin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, icra m\u0259muru müvafiq t\u0259qdimatla m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 müraci\u0259t etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l icra s\u0259n\u0259dinin üzrsüz s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n icra edilm\u0259m\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini mü\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259lidir.
\nGöründüyü kimi, qanunverici m\u0259hz müt\u0259nasiblik prinsipi bax\u0131m\u0131ndan yaln\u0131z icra s\u0259n\u0259di könüllü icra üçün mü\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015f vaxtda v\u0259 üzrsüz s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n icra edilm\u0259dikd\u0259, borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n mümkünlüyünü mü\u0259yy\u0259n etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, icra m\u0259muru müt\u0259nasiblik konstitusiya prinsipind\u0259n, habel\u0259 “\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunun Preambulas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 84-1.1-ci madd\u0259sinin (M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rarlar\u0131, \u0259mrl\u0259ri v\u0259 vergi orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n pul t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rinin öd\u0259nilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 inzibati aktlar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda verilmi\u015f icra s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri könüllü icra üçün mü\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015f vaxtda borclu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n üzrsüz s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n icra edilm\u0259dikd\u0259, borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququ icra m\u0259murunun \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259qdimat\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259r. Borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 icra m\u0259muru t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259rhal borclunun özün\u0259, t\u0259l\u0259bkara v\u0259 müvafiq icra hakimiyy\u0259ti orqan\u0131na m\u0259lumat verilir), “\u0130cra m\u0259murlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda" Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Qanununun 7-ci madd\u0259sini (\u0130cra m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri) m\u0259nas\u0131ndan ç\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k borclunun ölk\u0259d\u0259n getm\u0259k hüququnun müv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259qdimatla m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 müraci\u0259t ed\u0259rk\u0259n, bu cür t\u0259dbirin m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131n vaxt\u0131nda, tam v\u0259 düzgün icra edilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259din\u0259 xidm\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259yini, h\u0259min m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259m\u0259sinin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131n\u0131 ç\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259c\u0259yini \u0259sasland\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

 “\u0130cra haqq\u0131nda” Qanunun 84-1-ci madd\u0259sinin m\u0259zmununa gör\u0259, icra s\u0259n\u0259dinin itirilm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 ya onun vaxt\u0131nda gönd\u0259rilm\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259, habel\u0259 borclunun i\u015f yeri v\u0259 ya ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yeri, onun g\u0259lirl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259mlak v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=73909"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73909\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=73909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=73909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=73909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}