{"id":70082,"date":"2018-10-23T18:11:16","date_gmt":"2018-10-23T14:11:16","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=70082","title":{"rendered":"Hakiml\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin h\u00fcquq b\u0259rab\u0259rliyin\u0259, faktlara \u0259sas\u0259n v\u0259 qanuna m\u00fcvafiq bax\u0131rlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qanunla n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f hallarda hüquqi yard\u0131m öd\u0259ni\u015fsiz, dövl\u0259t hesab\u0131na göst\u0259rilir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hüquqi dövl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259n böyük islahatlardan biri  Konstitusiyan\u0131n q\u0259buludur. 1995-ci ild\u0259 Konstitusiyan\u0131n q\u0259bul edilm\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259-hüquq islahat\u0131n\u0131n birinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si ba\u015flay\u0131b. Konstitusiyada xalq\u0131n dövl\u0259t hakimiyy\u0259tinin yegan\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259yi olmas\u0131, idar\u0259çiliyin hakimiyy\u0259t bölgüsü \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fkil olunmas\u0131 kimi t\u0259m\u0259l prinsipl\u0259r t\u0259sbit olunur. Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n normalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n bütün \u0259razisind\u0259 ali hüquqi qüvv\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 birba\u015fa t\u0259sir\u0259 malikdir. Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n normalar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131 qaydas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259nziml\u0259y\u0259n normalar aras\u0131nda ziddiyy\u0259t olduqda, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n normalar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq edilir.<\/p>\n

Konstitusiyada insan hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131na, habel\u0259 onlar\u0131n t\u0259minatlar\u0131na xüsusi yer ayr\u0131l\u0131r, onlar\u0131n t\u0259min edilm\u0259si is\u0259 dövl\u0259t siyas\u0259tinin h\u0259lledici istiqam\u0259ti, bütün dövl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di kimi mü\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. T\u0259sadüfi deyil ki, hüquqi dövl\u0259tin ayr\u0131lmaz atributu kimi insan hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n qorunmas\u0131 sonradan ölk\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259yata keçiril\u0259c\u0259k hüquqi islahatlar\u0131n \u0259sas istiqam\u0259tini mü\u0259yy\u0259n edir.  Dövl\u0259t h\u0259r k\u0259sin hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n müdafi\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259minat verir (Konstitusiyan\u0131n 26-c\u0131 madd\u0259si, II hiss\u0259si). Bu t\u0259minatlar\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda h\u0259r k\u0259sin hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 müdafi\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259minat verilm\u0259si d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulub. Konstitusiyan\u0131n 60-c\u0131 madd\u0259si h\u0259r k\u0259sin hüquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 müdafi\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259minat ver\u0259r\u0259k (I hiss\u0259), m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 orqanlar\u0131 da daxil olmaqla dövl\u0259t hakimiyy\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin q\u0259rar v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n (yaxud h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tsizliyind\u0259n) \u015fikay\u0259t verilm\u0259sinin mümkünlüyünü bu hüququn \u0259sas elementi kimi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur (II hiss\u0259).<\/p>\n

Qanunverici bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259r\u0259 nail olmaq üçün a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 instansiya m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rinin q\u0259bul etdiyi q\u0259rarlar\u0131n qanuniliyinin v\u0259 \u0259sasl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yuxar\u0131 instansiya m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n prosessual qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 mü\u0259yy\u0259n edir.
\nMülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin 43-cü f\u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rarlar\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259t verm\u0259k hüququnu v\u0259 onun kassasiya qaydas\u0131nda bax\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, mülki i\u015fl\u0259r v\u0259 iqtisadi mübahis\u0259l\u0259r üzr\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259r bir fiziki v\u0259 yaxud hüquqi \u015f\u0259xsin Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Konstitusiyas\u0131ndan, qanunlar\u0131ndan v\u0259 dig\u0259r normativ hüquqi aktlar\u0131ndan ir\u0259li g\u0259l\u0259n hüquq v\u0259 m\u0259nafel\u0259rinin m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sdiq olunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 aktlar\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259tin Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan qaydada verilm\u0259si v\u0259 onun \u0259sas\u0131nda i\u015f\u0259 yuxar\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 instansiyas\u0131nda bax\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 müdafi\u0259si hüququnun ayr\u0131lmaz elementi kimi Konstitusiyan\u0131n 60-c\u0131 madd\u0259sinin m\u0259nas\u0131ndan ir\u0259li g\u0259lir. Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin 416-c\u0131 madd\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259, kassasiya instansiyas\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si yaln\u0131z maddi v\u0259 prosessual hüquq normalar\u0131n\u0131n düzgün t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259sini yoxlay\u0131r. H\u0259min M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin 424 v\u0259 433-cü madd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, Ali M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin Plenumu müst\u0259sna olaraq hüquqi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 qanuni qüvv\u0259y\u0259 minmi\u015f m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 aktlar\u0131na yeni aç\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hallar üzr\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 bax\u0131r. Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar i\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259tli müdafi\u0259sinin t\u0259min edilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin 67-ci madd\u0259sind\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015fdur ki, h\u0259min instansiyada i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 bax\u0131ld\u0131qda göst\u0259ril\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r yaln\u0131z v\u0259kill\u0259 birg\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirl\u0259r. Bu madd\u0259d\u0259 bildirilir ki, kassasiya v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 kassasiya \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259ri, habel\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 akt\u0131na yeni aç\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hallar üzr\u0259 yenid\u0259n bax\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda \u0259riz\u0259l\u0259r yaln\u0131z v\u0259kil t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259rtib edildikd\u0259 icraata q\u0259bul edilir. Kassasiya v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 kassasiya qaydas\u0131nda, habel\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 akt\u0131na yeni aç\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hallar üzr\u0259 yenid\u0259n bax\u0131ld\u0131qda i\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 iclaslar\u0131nda yaln\u0131z v\u0259kill\u0259 birg\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirl\u0259r. Bu M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259 il\u0259 v\u0259kilin prosesd\u0259 m\u0259cburi i\u015ftirak\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b olundu\u011fu hallarda i\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin v\u0259kilin xidm\u0259tl\u0259rini öd\u0259m\u0259k üçün kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r v\u0259saiti olmad\u0131qda, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 akt\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015f m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 i\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin yaz\u0131l\u0131 müraci\u0259ti \u0259sas\u0131nda v\u0259kilin prosesd\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n

Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin bu müdd\u0259alar\u0131 Konstitusiyan\u0131n 61-ci madd\u0259sinin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri il\u0259 uzla\u015f\u0131r. H\u0259min madd\u0259nin I hiss\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259, h\u0259r k\u0259sin yüks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli hüquqi yard\u0131m almaq hüququ vard\u0131r.
\nMüst\u0259qil m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259dal\u0259tli m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 bax\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda hüquqlar\u0131n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li b\u0259rpa edilm\u0259si bir s\u0131ra beyn\u0259lxalq hüquq aktlar\u0131nda, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n Mülki v\u0259 Siyasi Hüquqlar haqq\u0131nda Beyn\u0259lxaq Pakt\u0131n 14-cü madd\u0259sind\u0259, insan hüquqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda Ümumi B\u0259yannam\u0259nin 7, 8, 10-cu madd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 \u0130nsan Hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 \u018fsas Azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n Müdafi\u0259si haqq\u0131nda Konvensiyan\u0131n (Avropa \u0130nsan Hüquqlar\u0131 Konvensiyas\u0131) 6-c\u0131 madd\u0259sind\u0259 öz \u0259ksini tap\u0131b. Bel\u0259 ki, insan Hüquqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda Ümumi B\u0259yannam\u0259nin 8-ci madd\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, h\u0259r bir \u015f\u0259xs Konstitusiyan\u0131n v\u0259 ya qanunun ona verdiyi hüquqlar\u0131n pozulmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli milli m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sirli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 b\u0259rpa olunmas\u0131 hüququna malikdir.<\/p>\n

Bu müdd\u0259alara \u0259sas\u0259n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 müdafi\u0259si hüququnun tam h\u0259cmd\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si konkret t\u0259minatlar\u0131n mövcudlu\u011funu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur.
\nKonstitusiyan\u0131n 127-ci madd\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259sbit olunmu\u015f \u0259dal\u0259t mühakim\u0259sinin t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi v\u0259 ç\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si mülki m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131n\u0131n bu cür t\u0259minatlar\u0131ndan biridir. Bu madd\u0259d\u0259 bildirilir ki. hakiml\u0259r müst\u0259qildir, yaln\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Konstitusiyas\u0131na v\u0259 qanunlar\u0131na tabedirl\u0259r. Hakiml\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259r\u0259zsiz, \u0259dal\u0259tl\u0259, t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin hüquq b\u0259rab\u0259rliyin\u0259, faktlara \u0259sas\u0259n v\u0259 qanuna müvafiq bax\u0131rlar.  H\u0259r hans\u0131 bir \u015f\u0259xs t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n bilavasit\u0259, yaxud dolay\u0131 yolla m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131na m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259t qoyulmas\u0131, qanunla zidd t\u0259sir, h\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 müdaxil\u0259 edilm\u0259si yolverilm\u0259zdir. \u018fdal\u0259t mühakim\u0259si v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n qanun v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259yata keçirilir. Bütün m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259rin icraat\u0131 aç\u0131q apar\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u0259 qapal\u0131 iclasda bax\u0131lmas\u0131na yaln\u0131z o halda icaz\u0259 verilir ki, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 aç\u0131q icraat\u0131n dövl\u0259t, pe\u015f\u0259 v\u0259 kommersiya sirrinin aç\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 güman edir, ya da v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsi v\u0259 ya ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259xfiliyini qorumaq z\u0259rur\u0259tini mövcudlu\u011funu mü\u0259yy\u0259n edir.<\/p>\n

Qanunda n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f hallar istisna olmaqla, cinay\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rinin qiyabi m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131na yol verilmir. M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131 ç\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259 prinsipi \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259yata keçirilir. Bundan ba\u015fqa, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131n\u0131n ist\u0259nil\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259r k\u0259sin müdafi\u0259 hüququ t\u0259min olunur. \u018fdal\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si t\u0259qsirsizlik prezumpsiyas\u0131na \u0259saslan\u0131r. Madd\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edilir ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n dövl\u0259t dilind\u0259 v\u0259 ya müvafiq yerin \u0259halisinin çoxluq t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n hiss\u0259sinin dilind\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015fin i\u015ftirakç\u0131s\u0131 olub m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131n\u0131n apar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 dili bilm\u0259y\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin i\u015fin materiallar\u0131 il\u0259 tam tan\u0131\u015f olmaq, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259rcüm\u0259çi vasit\u0259si il\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259k v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 ana dilind\u0259 ç\u0131x\u0131\u015f etm\u0259k hüququ t\u0259min edilir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi v\u0259 ç\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259 mülki m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 icraat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca prinsipl\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi Mülki Prosessual M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259nin «\u018fsas qaydalar» adl\u0131 1-ci f\u0259slind\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutuldu\u011fundan, o, mülki prosesin bütün m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qanunla n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f hallarda hüquqi yard\u0131m öd\u0259ni\u015fsiz, dövl\u0259t hesab\u0131na göst\u0259rilir Hüquqi dövl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259n böyük islahatlardan biri  Konstitusiyan\u0131n q\u0259buludur. 1995-ci ild\u0259 Konstitusiyan\u0131n q\u0259bul edilm\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259-hüquq islahat\u0131n\u0131n birinci…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=70082"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70082\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=70082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=70082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=70082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}