{"id":65544,"date":"2018-06-14T18:12:43","date_gmt":"2018-06-14T14:12:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=65544","title":{"rendered":"\u0130qtisadi h\u00fcquqlar aras\u0131nda \u0259n \u0259sas h\u00fcquqlardan biri m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququdur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ mülkiyy\u0259tçinin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqalar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0259mlaka sahib olmaq, \u0259mlakdan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 onun bar\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verm\u0259k hüquqlar\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130qtisadi hüquqlar aras\u0131nda \u0259n \u0259sas hüquqlardan biri mülkiyy\u0259t hüququdur. Bu hüquq hüquqi dövl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ön\u0259mli rol oynay\u0131r v\u0259 ölk\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas hüquqlar\u0131ndan biridir.
\nMülkiyy\u0259t hüququ \u0259n q\u0259dim hüquqlardan biridir. 1793-cü il Fransa konstitusiyas\u0131nda göst\u0259rilirdi ki, mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ h\u0259r bir v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fa m\u0259xsusdur v\u0259 o öz ist\u0259diyi kimi bu hüquqdan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Y\u0259ni bütün insanlar\u0131n mülkiyy\u0259ti toxunulmazd\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r bir gün hans\u0131sa \u015f\u0259xs t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu toxunulmazl\u0131q pozularsa o zaman dövl\u0259t bu hüququn b\u0259rpa edilm\u0259si bax\u0131m\u0131ndan mü\u0259yy\u0259n add\u0131mlar at\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n 29-cu madd\u0259sind\u0259 öz \u0259ksini tap\u0131b.  Bu madd\u0259d\u0259 bildirilir ki, h\u0259r k\u0259sin mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ var. Daha sonra bildirilir ki, h\u0259r k\u0259sin mülkiyy\u0259tind\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nar v\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak ola bil\u0259r.
\nMülkiyy\u0259tin ümumilikd\u0259 müxt\u0259lif növl\u0259ri mü\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilib, onlar\u0131n heç bir növün\u0259 üstünlük verilmir. Mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ qanunla qorunur. Xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t – \u0259\u015fya, \u0259mlak dövl\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 deyil, konkret bir \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r qrupuna m\u0259xsusdur. Lakin xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t ümumi mülkiyy\u0259tin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 deyil. Ümumi mülkiyy\u0259t dedikd\u0259 \u0259n az\u0131 bir neç\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259rin mülkiyy\u0259ti  ba\u015fa dü\u015fülür. Bel\u0259 ki, ümumi mülkiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 iki növ\u0259 bölm\u0259k olar. Payl\u0131 mülkiyy\u0259t v\u0259 birg\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t. Payl\u0131 mülkiyy\u0259t dedikd\u0259- y\u0259ni tutaq ki sizin iki ota\u011f\u0131n\u0131z var v\u0259 siz d\u0259 h\u0259r biriniz bir ota\u011f\u0131n sahibisiniz. Bu bütün dövl\u0259t s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 bu cür olur. Bu o dem\u0259kdir dig\u0259r mülkiyy\u0259tçi, y\u0259ni ki dig\u0259r ota\u011f\u0131n sahibi sizin icaz\u0259niz olmadan bu evl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 heç bir q\u0259rar ver\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Ancaq ona dü\u015f\u0259n bir otaq bar\u0259sind\u0259 ist\u0259diyi q\u0259rar\u0131 verm\u0259kd\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259stdir.<\/p>\n

Birg\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t dedikd\u0259 is\u0259 – eyni mülkiyy\u0259tin 2 n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n tutaq ki, \u0259r v\u0259 arvad evl\u0259ndikd\u0259n sonra ev al\u0131blar. Bu onlar\u0131n ümumi birg\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259tidir.  H\u0259r iki \u015f\u0259xs bu ev üz\u0259rind\u0259 eyni q\u0259rar\u0131 verm\u0259k hüququna malikdir.<\/p>\n

Daha bir mülkiyy\u0259t növü dövl\u0259t mülkiyy\u0259tidir. Ad\u0131ndan da göründüyü kimi bu dövl\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259xsus olan mülkiyy\u0259tdir. Bu mülkiyy\u0259t üz\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam hüququ yaln\u0131z dövl\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur. \u0130ctimai mülkiyy\u0259t d\u0259 ad\u0131ndan göründüyü kimi ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n da qeyri-hökum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunur. 
\nKonstitusiyan\u0131n 29-cu madd\u0259sind\u0259 qeyd olunub ki, mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ mülkiyy\u0259tçinin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqalar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0259mlaka sahib olmaq, \u0259mlakdan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 onun bar\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verm\u0259k hüquqlar\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

Konstitusiyan\u0131n bu madd\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259mçinin bildirilir ki, heç k\u0259s m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin q\u0259rar\u0131 olmadan mülkiyy\u0259tind\u0259n m\u0259hrum edil\u0259 bilm\u0259z v\u0259 \u0259mlak\u0131n tam müsadir\u0259sin\u0259 yol verilmir. Dövl\u0259t ehtiyaclar\u0131 üçün mülkiyy\u0259tin özg\u0259ninkil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 yaln\u0131z qabaqcadan onun d\u0259y\u0259rini \u0259dal\u0259tli öd\u0259m\u0259k \u015f\u0259rti il\u0259 yol veril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu madd\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259mçinin qeyd olunub ki, xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t sosial öhd\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Sosial \u0259dal\u0259t v\u0259 torpaqlardan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 torpaq üz\u0259rind\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ qanunla m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259r. Dövl\u0259t v\u0259r\u0259s\u0259lik hüququna t\u0259minat verir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Mülki M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t hüququnun ümumi müdd\u0259alar\u0131 \u0259ks olunub. Orada mülkiyy\u0259t hüququnun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu cürdür: “mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ-subyektin ona m\u0259nsub \u0259mlaka öz ist\u0259diyi kimi sahib olmaq, ondan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k ona dair s\u0259r\u0259ncam verm\u0259k üzr\u0259 dövl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131nan v\u0259 qorunan hüquqdur.” Bu 3 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t: sahiblik, istifad\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verm\u0259k q\u0259dim Roma hüquq\u015fünaslar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n mü\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilib. Sahiblik hüququ – \u0259mlaka (\u0259\u015fyaya) faktik sahibliyi h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259yin hüquqi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259min edilmi\u015f imkan\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stifad\u0259 hüququ is\u0259 \u0259mlakdan (\u0259\u015fyadan) onun faydal\u0131 t\u0259bii xass\u0259l\u0259rini hasil etm\u0259yin, habel\u0259 ondan fayda götürm\u0259yin hüquqi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259min edilmi\u015f imkan\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stifad\u0259d\u0259n fayda g\u0259lir, art\u0131m, b\u0259h\u0259r, tör\u0259m\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 v\u0259 ba\u015fqa formalarda ola bil\u0259r. Bu madd\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam hüququ da t\u0259nziml\u0259nir. Bu madd\u0259nin 4-cü b\u0259ndind\u0259 bildirilib ki, s\u0259r\u0259ncam hüququ – \u0259mlak\u0131n (\u0259\u015fyan\u0131n) hüquqi müq\u0259dd\u0259rat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259yin etm\u0259yin hüquqi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259min edilmi\u015f imkan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, mülkiyy\u0259tçi öz \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259xsin etibarnam\u0259li idar\u0259çiliyin\u0259 (etibarnam\u0259li idar\u0259çi) ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u018fmlak\u0131n etibarnam\u0259li idar\u0259çiliy\u0259 verilm\u0259si mülkiyy\u0259t hüququnun etibarnam\u0259li idar\u0259çiy\u0259 keçm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmur; o, \u0259mlak\u0131 mülkiyy\u0259tçinin v\u0259 ya mülkiyy\u0259tçinin göst\u0259rdiyi üçüncü \u015f\u0259xsin m\u0259nafeyi namin\u0259 idar\u0259 etm\u0259lidir.
\nBu gün respublikada mülkiyy\u0259t hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131n yüks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 qeydiyyat xidm\u0259tl\u0259rinin daha s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li göst\u0259rilm\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 \u018fmlak M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri Dövl\u0259t Komit\u0259si mühüm i\u015fl\u0259r görür. Dövl\u0259t Komit\u0259si \u0259haliy\u0259 geni\u015f hüquqi m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri göst\u0259rilir. V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t sahibl\u0259ri da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlakla ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259r hans\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat aparmazdan önc\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259nnas\u0131z olaraq göst\u0259ril\u0259n hüquqi yard\u0131mlardan faydalana bilirl\u0259r. Bu xidm\u0259td\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131ca m\u0259qs\u0259d da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak\u0131n qeydiyyat\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 qanunvericilik v\u0259 prosedurlar bar\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131 maarifl\u0259ndirm\u0259kdir.
\nÖlk\u0259 prezidenti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n 2015-ci ild\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak\u0131n qeydiyyat\u0131 üçün t\u0259l\u0259b olunan hüquqi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin siyah\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015f F\u0259rmanlar da qeydiyyat sah\u0259sinin inki\u015faf\u0131nda \u0259v\u0259zsiz rol oynay\u0131r. Bu F\u0259rmanlar da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak\u0131n qeydiyyat\u0131n\u0131n sosial \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini bir daha art\u0131r\u0131b, ölk\u0259 üzr\u0259 hüquqi bax\u0131mdan t\u0259hlük\u0259siz v\u0259 etibarl\u0131 da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak sahibl\u0259rinin say\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na t\u0259kan verib.<\/p>\n

 Torpaq üz\u0259rind\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259t hüququnun t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 d\u0259 mühüm i\u015fl\u0259r görülür. Dövl\u0259t ba\u015fç\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n verdiyi tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlardan biri v\u0259 haz\u0131rda ölk\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131 üçün aktual m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri hesab olunan torpaq fondunun d\u0259qiq uçotunun apar\u0131lmas\u0131, vaxtil\u0259 verilmi\u015f torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259ri üz\u0259rind\u0259ki uy\u011funsuzluqlar\u0131n aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Torpaq münasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259 dövl\u0259t siyas\u0259tinin \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259ri müasir idar\u0259etm\u0259 üsullar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kl\u0259  torpaq ehtiyatlar\u0131ndan  s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li v\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259tli istifad\u0259nin t\u0259min edilm\u0259sidir.
\nÖlk\u0259 prezidenti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n torpaq münasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015f yeni F\u0259rman\u0131 torpaqlar\u0131n elektron uçotunu yaratmaq, müasir co\u011frafi informasiya sisteml\u0259rinin t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n faktiki v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259d uy\u011funsuzluqlar\u0131n\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq, ondan daha s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259ni t\u0259min etm\u0259yi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. F\u0259rmanla respublikada torpaqlar\u0131n elektron kadastr uçotu sisteminin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259msal kadastr x\u0259rit\u0259sinin t\u0259rtibi Qaydalar\u0131 da t\u0259sdiq olunub. \u018fmlak M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri Dövl\u0259t Komit\u0259sinin bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 ciddi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri olub. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, bu qaydalar dövl\u0259t v\u0259 b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259tind\u0259, habel\u0259 xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259td\u0259 olan bütün kateqoriyal\u0131 torpaqlar\u0131n elektron uçotunu aparmaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n elektron kadastr uçotu informasiya sisteminin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259msal kadastr x\u0259rit\u0259sinin t\u0259rtib olunmas\u0131 mexanizmini mü\u0259yy\u0259n edir. M\u0259qs\u0259d torpaqlardan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259nin t\u0259min edilm\u0259si üçün mülkiyy\u0259t növünd\u0259n v\u0259 t\u0259yinat\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq bütün torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259nd\u0259si ölçül\u0259rini, s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rini, konfiqurasiyas\u0131n\u0131, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131 yerl\u0259rind\u0259, torpaqlar\u0131n k\u0259miyy\u0259t v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259t göst\u0259ricil\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri düzgün mü\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kdir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mülkiyy\u0259t hüququ mülkiyy\u0259tçinin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqalar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0259mlaka sahib olmaq, \u0259mlakdan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 onun bar\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verm\u0259k hüquqlar\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir. \u0130qtisadi hüquqlar aras\u0131nda \u0259n \u0259sas hüquqlardan biri mülkiyy\u0259t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65544"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65544\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}