{"id":64947,"date":"2018-05-31T18:11:34","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T14:11:34","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=64947","title":{"rendered":"Torpaq islahatlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yeni m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u00e7i t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si-fermerl\u0259r t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapd\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 aqrar islahat\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün hüquqi baza yarad\u0131ld\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ümummilli lider Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin ikinci d\u0259f\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi ilk günd\u0259n diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 aqrar sah\u0259 idi. Aqrar sah\u0259d\u0259 islahatlar\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131, xüsusil\u0259 d\u0259, onun mühüm t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si olan torpaq islahatlar\u0131n\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131, yeni \u0259kinçi-torpaq münasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 günün \u0259n vacib t\u0259l\u0259bi kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilirdi. Ulu önd\u0259r iqtisadiyyat\u0131n böhrandan xilas edilib inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259sinin yegan\u0259 yolunun islahatlar oldu\u011funu bildirdi. Onun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 aqrar islahat\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün hüquqi baza yarad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirildi. Bu da hüquqi dövl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu üçün çox vacib idi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259l\u0259 1994-cü il dekab\u0131r\u0131n 10-da keçirilmi\u015f "Aqrar islatat: probleml\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259llin yollar\u0131" mövzusunda beyn\u0259lxalq konfrasda ç\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n ümummilli lider deymi\u015fdi: "… Biz islahatç\u0131 qüvv\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yol açmal\u0131, islahatlar\u0131 c\u0259sar\u0259l\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259liyik. \u018fn \u0259sas prinsipl\u0259rd\u0259n biri odur ki, g\u0259r\u0259k xalq\u0131m\u0131za, xusus\u0259n kas\u0131b t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259y\u0259, k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259, daim torpagla ba\u011fl\u0131 adamlara z\u0259r\u0259r vurulmas\u0131n, \u0259ksin\u0259 xeyir g\u0259tirilsin. \u0130slahatlar yeni sahibkarlar yaradacaq, ancaq aqrar bölm\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259r bir adam öz pay\u0131n\u0131 almal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu islahatlar xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ümumi rifahin\u0131n qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259lidir".
\nHeyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin F\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 1994-cü ilin dekabr\u0131nda v\u0259 1995-ci ilin mart\u0131nda aqrar sektorda islahatlar\u0131n h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si, kolxoz v\u0259 sovxozlar\u0131n islahat\u0131 üçün qanun layih\u0259l\u0259rinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si üz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n xüsusi komissiyalar yarad\u0131ld\u0131. Bu, günün t\u0259l\u0259bi idi. Çünki öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin I Dövl\u0259t Proqram\u0131nda torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rinin öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si öz \u0259ksini tapmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 bunun da obyektiv s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri vard\u0131. Çünki proqram t\u0259sdiq edil\u0259nd\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 “Torpaq islahat\u0131 haqda Qanun” mövcud deyildi v\u0259 torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rinin xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t\u0259 verilm\u0259si respublikada h\u0259yata keçirilmirdi. Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 i\u015fi sür\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 1995-ci ild\u0259 “Aqrar islahat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda”, “Sovxoz v\u0259 kolxozlar\u0131n islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” v\u0259 1996-c\u0131 ild\u0259 is\u0259 “Torpaq islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” qanunlar q\u0259bul edildi. “Torpaq islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” qanun Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hüquqi \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 mü\u0259yy\u0259n etdi. Qanunun 1-ci madd\u0259sind\u0259 bildirilir ki, torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di iqtisadi azadl\u0131q v\u0259 sosial \u0259dal\u0259t prinsipl\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda torpaq üz\u0259rind\u0259 yeni mülkiyy\u0259t münasib\u0259tl\u0259rini yaratmaq, bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 sahibkarl\u0131q t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüsünü inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k, ölk\u0259nin iqtisadi müst\u0259qilliyin\u0259, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n \u0259rzaq t\u0259minat\u0131na nail olmaq v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259 etibar\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n maddi rifah\u0131n\u0131 yüks\u0259ltm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Dig\u0259r madd\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 qeyd edildi ki, torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 \u0259razisind\u0259 dövl\u0259t torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n mü\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259sini, torpaqlar\u0131n b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 v\u0259 xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t\u0259 verilm\u0259sini, mülkiyy\u0259tçil\u0259rin torpa\u011fa sahiblik, istifad\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

Torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n obyektinin is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n vahid torpaq fondu oldu\u011fu bildirildi. Torpaq islahat\u0131 zaman\u0131 vahid torpaq fondunda:<\/p>\n

 Dövl\u0259t mülkiyy\u0259tind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan torpaqlar (dövl\u0259t torpaqlar\u0131);
\n B\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 mülkiyy\u0259tin\u0259 veril\u0259n torpaqlar (b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131);
\n Xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t\u0259 veril\u0259n torpaqlar mü\u0259yy\u0259n edildi.
\nQanunda qeyd edildi ki, torpaq xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131na v\u0259 hüquqi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin\u0259 verilir. \u018fcn\u0259bil\u0259r v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r, xarici hüquqi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r, beyn\u0259lxalq birlikl\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlar, habel\u0259 xarici dövl\u0259tl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rini yaln\u0131z icar\u0259 hüququ \u0259sas\u0131nda \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r.
\nQanunun madd\u0259l\u0259rinin birind\u0259 is\u0259 torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri öz \u0259ksini tapd\u0131. Bu \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259razinin t\u0259bii-co\u011frafi \u015f\u0259raitinin, \u0259halinin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, torpaqdan istifad\u0259nin yerli xüsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin, torpaqlar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tinin n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131; torpaqlardan t\u0259yinat\u0131 üzr\u0259 istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259si;\u0259traf mühitin mühafiz\u0259sinin t\u0259yin edilm\u0259si;  torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n yerqurulu\u015fu layih\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda apar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259sas \u015f\u0259rt kimi ir\u0259li sürüldü.
\n"Torpaq islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda" qanunda Müst\u0259qil Dövl\u0259tl\u0259r Birliyi m\u0259kan\u0131nda ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq torpa\u011f\u0131n xüsusi mülkiyy\u0259t\u0259 verilm\u0259si, onun alq\u0131-satq\u0131 obyekti olmas\u0131 kimi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u0259ksini tapd\u0131. K\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131nda apar\u0131lan ciddi struktur islahatlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 dövl\u0259t mülkiyy\u0259tind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan az sayda damazl\u0131q, toxumçuluq v\u0259 dig\u0259r bu kimi t\u0259s\u0259rrüfatlar istisna olmaqla, bütün mü\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n sovxozlar v\u0259 kolxozlar l\u0259\u011fv edildi, onlar\u0131n \u0259mlak\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat üzvl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u0259dal\u0259tli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bölü\u015fdürüldü. Torpaqlar v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flara pulsuz olaraq \u0259v\u0259zsiz verildi. MDB-nin dig\u0259r ölk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131 yarars\u0131z v\u0259 ya az yararl\u0131 torpaqlarla deyil, keçmi\u015f kolxoz v\u0259 sovxozlar\u0131n \u0259n yararl\u0131 v\u0259 münbit torpaqlar\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259min edildil\u0259r. Eyni zamanda, Az\u0259rbaycanda fiziki v\u0259 hüquqi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r\u0259 öz mülkiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259ki torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259ri üz\u0259rind\u0259 müst\u0259sna hüquqlar, alq\u0131-satq\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama, icar\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 ya istifad\u0259y\u0259 verm\u0259, v\u0259r\u0259s\u0259lik, girov qoyma v\u0259 s. kimi hüquqlar verildi. Bu da ölk\u0259mizd\u0259 torpaq islahatlar\u0131n\u0131n keçmi\u015f SSR\u0130-nin dig\u0259r respublikalar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu kimi formal deyil, \u0259sasl\u0131 z\u0259mind\u0259 v\u0259 fundamental \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirildiyini sübut etdi.
\n1996-c\u0131 il iyunun 24-d\u0259 keçiril\u0259n ölk\u0259d\u0259 aqrar islahatlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 v\u0259 “Torpaq islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” Qanun layih\u0259sinin müzakir\u0259sin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f mü\u015favir\u0259d\u0259 ulu önd\u0259r bildirirdi: “Bir \u015fey ham\u0131ya ayd\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r, m\u0259n bunu d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259yan etmi\u015f\u0259m v\u0259 bu gün d\u0259 deyir\u0259m ki, iqtisadiyyat\u0131n bu günü v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi yaln\u0131z v\u0259 yaln\u0131z iqtisadi islahatlar\u0131n h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yolumuz budur, ba\u015fqa yol yoxdur”.
\nYuxarida qeyd olunan qanunlar\u0131n q\u0259bulundan ba\u015fqa, torpaq islahat\u0131n\u0131n daha mük\u0259mm\u0259l h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si üçün Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin 1997-ci il 19 dekabr tarixli 659 nömr\u0259li f\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edilmi\u015f “Öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n mü\u0259ssis\u0259 v\u0259 obyektl\u0259rin, habel\u0259 hüquqi v\u0259 fiziki \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n in\u015fa edilmi\u015f mü\u0259ssis\u0259 v\u0259 obyektl\u0259rin yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi dövl\u0259t torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rinin sat\u0131lmas\u0131 qaydalar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda \u018fsasnam\u0259” v\u0259 2000-ci ild\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 müvafiq f\u0259rmanlar\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edilmi\u015f “Dövl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda” Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Qanunu v\u0259 “Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda Dövl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sinin II Dövl\u0259t Proqram\u0131” q\u0259bul olundu  Bu qanunlarda torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rin öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si hüquqi bax\u0131mdan t\u0259nziml\u0259ndi.
\nBel\u0259likl\u0259, Sovxoz v\u0259 kolxozlar\u0131n islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda qanunvericiliyin \u0259sas\u0131nda “Aqrar islahat\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Qanunu, “Sovxoz v\u0259 kolxozlar\u0131n islahat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda” qanun, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Torpaq M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259si, “Sahibkarl\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda” v\u0259 “Mü\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r haqq\u0131nda” Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 qanunlar\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r normativ aktlar dayand\u0131.
\n Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, ölk\u0259d\u0259 apar\u0131lan torpaq islahat\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 870 832 ail\u0259 (3,4 milyon subyekt) torpaq mülkiyy\u0259tçisin\u0259 çevrildi v\u0259 2032 kolxoz v\u0259 sovxoz l\u0259\u011fv edildi. Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda aqrar islahatlar\u0131n birinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 aqrar islahatlar\u0131n h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259sini t\u0259min ed\u0259n müvafiq normativ-hüquqi baza yarad\u0131ld\u0131, torpaq islahat\u0131, keçmi\u015f kolxoz v\u0259 sovxozlar\u0131n \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si ba\u015fa çatd\u0131. H\u0259min vaxt k\u0259ndd\u0259 bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131na xas olan yeni t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat subyektl\u0259ri formala\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131, yeni mülkiyy\u0259tçi t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si-fermerl\u0259r t\u0259\u015f\u0259kkül tapd\u0131.
\nK\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131nda istehsalç\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n torpaq vergisi istisna olmaqla dig\u0259r vergil\u0259rd\u0259n 5 il müdd\u0259tin\u0259) azad edilm\u0259si, büdc\u0259y\u0259 olan vergi borclar\u0131n\u0131n silinm\u0259si, onlara yanaca\u011f\u0131n güz\u0259\u015ftli qiym\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, habel\u0259 fermer t\u0259s\u0259rrüfatlar\u0131 üçün kredit resurslar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259yata keçiril\u0259n dig\u0259r t\u0259dbirl\u0259r aqrar islahatlar\u0131n daha sür\u0259tl\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131na imkan yaratd\u0131, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131nda istehsal\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na güclü t\u0259kan verdi.Bel\u0259likl\u0259, dövl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n öz\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 at\u0131lan add\u0131mlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 kiçik v\u0259 orta sahibkarl\u0131q subyektl\u0259ri yarand\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 aqrar islahat\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün hüquqi baza yarad\u0131ld\u0131 Ümummilli lider Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin ikinci d\u0259f\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi ilk günd\u0259n diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 aqrar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-64947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=64947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64947\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=64947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=64947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=64947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}