{"id":54203,"date":"2017-12-07T23:57:45","date_gmt":"2017-12-07T19:57:45","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=54203","title":{"rendered":"\u201cEv tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q \u00e7ox olur\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Almaz H\u0259sr\u0259t: “H\u0259r yerind\u0259n duran d\u0259rslik yazma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131”<\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u015eagird\u0259 ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilm\u0259m\u0259lidir”<\/strong><\/p>\n

“D\u0259rslikl\u0259r o q\u0259d\u0259r ç\u0259tindir ki, heç biz özümüz ba\u015fa dü\u015fmürük, o ki qald\u0131 u\u015faqlar. Ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q çox olur. H\u0259m u\u015faq yorulur, h\u0259m d\u0259 biz. \u018fvv\u0259ll\u0259r u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n d\u0259rsl\u0259rin\u0259 köm\u0259klik edirdik, lakin indi proqram çox ç\u0259tindir. H\u0259m d\u0259 i\u015f-güc o q\u0259d\u0259r olur ki, u\u015fa\u011fa köm\u0259k etm\u0259y\u0259 vaxt\u0131m olmur. M\u0259cbur olub onu \u0259lav\u0259 mü\u0259llim yan\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa qoydum. Ayda mü\u0259llim\u0259 50 manat verir\u0259m ki, heç olmasa, u\u015faq tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259 bilsin. Özünün evd\u0259 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259si mümkün deyil”. Bu sözl\u0259ri valideyn K\u0259mal\u0259 \u018fzizova deyir v\u0259 onun dedikl\u0259rini bir çox valideyn d\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edir.<\/p>\n

“Üç nöqt\u0259”y\u0259 aç\u0131qlama ver\u0259n \u0259m\u0259kdar mü\u0259llim, ekspert Almaz H\u0259sr\u0259t <\/strong>bildirdi ki, burada n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131 nüanslar var: “Biz ham\u0131m\u0131z orta m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 oxumu\u015fuq. M\u0259lumdur ki, h\u0259r bir f\u0259nnin keçirilm\u0259sind\u0259 geril\u0259m\u0259miz olard\u0131sa, mü\u0259llim o zaman biz\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar verirdi. Biz  d\u0259 evd\u0259 h\u0259min tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259kl\u0259 mövzunun tam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olma\u011fa çal\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131q. \u015eagirdl\u0259r\u0259 ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 müasir t\u0259lim proqram\u0131na, kurikuluma uy\u011fun olaraq verilm\u0259m\u0259lidir. \u018fg\u0259r bir mövzu 45 d\u0259qiq\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 \u015fagird\u0259 öyr\u0259dilirs\u0259, h\u0259min mövzu el\u0259 sinifd\u0259c\u0259 \u015fagird t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259lidir. \u015eagirdin m\u0259nims\u0259m\u0259si z\u0259ifdirs\u0259, yaxud daha art\u0131q v\u0259 yüks\u0259k n\u0259tic\u0259 göst\u0259rmi\u015f olarsa, m\u0259hz o \u015fagirdl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq evd\u0259 bo\u015f vaxtlar\u0131 doldurmaq üçün valideynin d\u0259 irad\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq ev\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q veril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Yüks\u0259k n\u0259tic\u0259 göst\u0259r\u0259n \u015fagird\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq mövzuya aid olan daha sanball\u0131, m\u0259ntiqli v\u0259 maraql\u0131 suallar verm\u0259k olar. Z\u0259if \u015fagird mövzunu gec, yaxud orta s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259nims\u0259yirs\u0259, bel\u0259 halda u\u015faq mü\u0259lliml\u0259 qal\u0131b \u0259lav\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015fa bil\u0259r. Eyni zamanda, mü\u0259llim mövzuya aid olan çox yüngül s\u0259viyy\u0259li tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar ver\u0259r\u0259k \u015fagirdi oxutdura bil\u0259r. Y\u0259ni, tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar bu hallarda veril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Ümumilikd\u0259 is\u0259 \u015fagird\u0259 ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilm\u0259m\u0259lidir, \u015fagirdl\u0259r bütün mövzu v\u0259 m\u0259tnl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sinifd\u0259 öyr\u0259nm\u0259lidir. Çünki t\u0259hsil m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 verilir. T\u0259rbiy\u0259nin özü d\u0259 ail\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259n g\u0259lir. \u015eagirdl\u0259rimiz m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259n ev\u0259 ged\u0259rk\u0259n s\u0131rf fiziki t\u0259rbiy\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan mü\u0259yy\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259r görm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Y\u0259ni, onlar \u0259yl\u0259nc\u0259li idmanla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmal\u0131, h\u0259y\u0259t\u0259 ç\u0131xmal\u0131, qonaq getm\u0259li, ail\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131 baba v\u0259 n\u0259n\u0259 varsa onlarla, valideynl\u0259ri il\u0259 vaxt keçirm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Ev\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar ona gör\u0259 verilm\u0259m\u0259lidir ki, \u015fagirdin istirah\u0259tini keçirm\u0259si üçün ona imkan yarad\u0131ls\u0131n”.<\/p>\n

\nA.H\u0259sr\u0259t deyir ki, u\u015faqlar\u0131n gün \u0259rzind\u0259 neç\u0259 saat d\u0259rsl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmas\u0131 onlar\u0131n qavrama qabiliyy\u0259tind\u0259n çox as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r: “Misal üçün \u0259g\u0259r m\u0259n övald\u0131m\u0131n çox z\u0259if oldu\u011funu bilir\u0259ms\u0259, o zaman m\u0259n u\u015faqla iki saata yax\u0131n riyaziyyat yaxud dig\u0259r f\u0259nnl\u0259  m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olaram. Yox \u0259g\u0259r qavramas\u0131 çox yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131rsa, güclüdürs\u0259, o u\u015faqla yar\u0131m saat da m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq kifay\u0259tdir”.<\/p>\n

Ekspert qeyd etdi ki, u\u015faqlar\u0131n sinif daxilind\u0259 öyr\u0259nm\u0259si mü\u0259llimd\u0259n çox böyük ustal\u0131q t\u0259l\u0259b edir: “Mü\u0259llim adi ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259, u\u015faqlara mövzunun i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si üçün el\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q ver\u0259 bil\u0259r ki, h\u0259min mövzuya aid olan bilgini evd\u0259, h\u0259y\u0259td\u0259, g\u0259zintiy\u0259 getdiyi m\u0259kanda v\u0259 s. \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bilik h\u0259r \u015fey yaddan ç\u0131xandan sonra insan\u0131n beynind\u0259 qalan bir m\u0259hsuldur. H\u0259yati bacar\u0131qlar\u0131na siray\u0259t ed\u0259n mövzu \u015fagirdin biliyi olur. Y\u0259ni, biz \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 daha çox tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q vers\u0259k, onlarda öyr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 h\u0259v\u0259s qalmayacaq v\u0259 olan meyil d\u0259 it\u0259c\u0259k. Mü\u0259llimd\u0259n çox yüks\u0259k bacar\u0131q v\u0259 intellekt t\u0259l\u0259b olunur ki, \u015fagirdin qavrama qabiliyy\u0259tini düzgün olaraq qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirsin v\u0259 buna uy\u011fun ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 versin. \u018fg\u0259r tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q verm\u0259k r\u0259va bilinirs\u0259, bu zaman ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 el\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 verm\u0259lidir ki, \u015fagird\u0259 özü d\u0259 bunu anlas\u0131n. Y\u0259ni, \u015fagird mü\u0259llimin bu tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 ona sinif yolda\u015flar\u0131na nisb\u0259t\u0259n ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259li, bilgisind\u0259 olan bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurmal\u0131 oldu\u011funa gör\u0259 verdiyini anlamal\u0131d\u0131r. Yaxud da ham\u0131dan yüks\u0259k bildiyini z\u0259nn ed\u0259r\u0259k, daha yüks\u0259k arenaya ç\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131 üçün ona yol aç\u0131b, i\u015f\u0131q verdiyini ba\u015fa dü\u015fm\u0259lidir. Y\u0259ni, \u015fagirdl\u0259r bunu d\u0259rk etm\u0259lidir”.<\/p>\n

A.H\u0259sr\u0259t \u0259lav\u0259 etdi ki, mü\u0259lliml\u0259r öz üz\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 çox çal\u0131\u015fmal\u0131, \u015fagirdl\u0259ri \u0259lav\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlarla yükl\u0259m\u0259m\u0259lidirl\u0259r: “B\u0259z\u0259n ist\u0259r ibtidai, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 ümumi orta t\u0259hsild\u0259 mü\u0259llim 10 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bütün sinf\u0259 verir. O tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlardan z\u0259if \u015fagird ikisini h\u0259ll ed\u0259 bil\u0259r ya yox, orta t\u0259hsilli \u015fagird yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, yüks\u0259k t\u0259hsilli \u015fagird is\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 olan halda sinifdaxili qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259 yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qlar ortaya ç\u0131xacaq, z\u0259if \u015fagird el\u0259 z\u0259if olaraq da qalacaq. Ona gör\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259nin düzgün \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün mü\u0259lliml\u0259r do\u011fru-düzgün tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q seçm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r bel\u0259 olarsa, \u015fagird düzgün qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndiril\u0259c\u0259k, onlar\u0131n biliyi çox yüks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 olacaq v\u0259 öz effektini d\u0259 göst\u0259r\u0259c\u0259k”.<\/p>\n

\nEkspert qeyd etdi ki, indiki dövrd\u0259 d\u0259rslikl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 fikrim heç d\u0259 xo\u015f deyil. Çünki, bu sah\u0259d\u0259 çox böyük probleml\u0259rl\u0259 üzl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fik: “Kurrikulumun t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar dövl\u0259timiz v\u0259 T\u0259hsil Nazirliyi mü\u0259lliml\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259hsil i\u015fçil\u0259rin\u0259 çox güv\u0259ndiyi v\u0259 inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 üçün f\u0259rdi seçim veribl\u0259r, art\u0131q h\u0259r k\u0259s d\u0259rslik yaza bilm\u0259 iqtidar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bundan sonra d\u0259rslik yazman\u0131 ham\u0131 asan q\u0259bul etdi v\u0259 dü\u015fündü ki, \u0259g\u0259r d\u0259rslik yazma iqtidar\u0131m varsa v\u0259 bu tenderd\u0259 qalib olacamsa, m\u0259n niy\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259rslik yazmay\u0131m? Bu fikirl\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259t d\u0259rslik yazma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. D\u0259rslikl\u0259rin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131nda xarici ölk\u0259 d\u0259rslikl\u0259rin\u0259 istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259rcüm\u0259l\u0259r etm\u0259k daha çoxluq t\u0259\u015fkil edir. T\u0259rcüm\u0259l\u0259rin özünd\u0259 d\u0259 qüsurlar saxlan\u0131lmaqla bu \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 d\u0259rslikl\u0259r haz\u0131rland\u0131. Bel\u0259likl\u0259 d\u0259, h\u0259r yerind\u0259n duran d\u0259rslik yazma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131”.<\/p>\n

\nAlmaz H\u0259sr\u0259t söyl\u0259di ki, d\u0259rslik seçilm\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259yin olunan ekspertl\u0259rin özl\u0259rinin d\u0259 heç o s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoxdur ki, d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirsin: “Mük\u0259mm\u0259l \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259rslik yazan\u0131n olmamas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259hsilind\u0259 olan bir bo\u015fluqdur. Heç olmasa \u0259n az\u0131ndan 80-90 faiz keyfiyy\u0259tli d\u0259rslik yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ümumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, o d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri yoxlama iqtidar\u0131nda olan s\u0259viyy\u0259li, bacar\u0131ql\u0131, biliki, h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli dünyagörü\u015fün\u0259 malik olan ekspertl\u0259r olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Amma t\u0259\u0259ssüf ki, yoxdur. Ona gör\u0259 d\u0259 son 7-10 il \u0259rzind\u0259 kurikulum – t\u0259hsil proqram\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 keçil\u0259n f\u0259nnl\u0259rin t\u0259drisind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan d\u0259rslikl\u0259rd\u0259 en q\u0259d\u0259r s\u0259hvl\u0259r v\u0259 qüsurlar var. Redakt\u0259 s\u0259hvl\u0259rind\u0259n tutmu\u015f, sxem, c\u0259dv\u0259l, r\u0259q\u0259m, m\u0259tn, mövzu, cüml\u0259 s\u0259hvl\u0259ri, elmi s\u0259hvl\u0259r bunlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 toparlan\u0131r. Amma unutmaq laz\u0131m deyil ki, d\u0259rslikl\u0259r s\u0131rf müt\u0259x\u0259ssis t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0259rslikl\u0259rin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131nda h\u0259min ixtisas üzr\u0259 mütl\u0259q bir alim, mü\u0259llim v\u0259 psixoloq olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259n \u0259min\u0259m ki, m\u0259hz bu komandan\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0259rslik yüks\u0259k n\u0259tic\u0259 göst\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r”.<\/p>\n

\nEkspert dedi ki, son ill\u0259rd\u0259 yaz\u0131lan d\u0259rslikl\u0259r q\u0259na\u0259tb\u0259x\u015f deyil: “Ona gör\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri tamamil\u0259 düz\u0259ltm\u0259k üçün bir institut yaxud qurum yarad\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Burada s\u0131rf d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri yaza bil\u0259n müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir. Yaxud t\u0259klif ed\u0259rdim ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Dövl\u0259t Pedaqoji Universitetind\u0259 t\u0259dris resurslar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 üzr\u0259 fakült\u0259 aç\u0131ls\u0131n. V\u0259 o fakült\u0259y\u0259 köhn\u0259 d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri yazan müt\u0259x\u0259ssis aliml\u0259ri v\u0259 mü\u0259lliml\u0259ri toplans\u0131n, orada d\u0259rslik yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u0259rs desinl\u0259r. Xaricd\u0259n müt\u0259x\u0259ssil\u0259r c\u0259lb edilsin, mü\u0259yy\u0259n seminarlar, treninql\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r keçirilsin. B\u0259lk\u0259, m\u0259hz bundan sonra heç olmasa orta s\u0259viyy\u0259ni a\u015fm\u0131\u015f imkana malik bir d\u0259rsliyi yarada bil\u0259k”.<\/p>\n

\nKönül \u018fhm\u0259dova <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Almaz H\u0259sr\u0259t: “H\u0259r yerind\u0259n duran d\u0259rslik yazma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131” “\u015eagird\u0259 ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilm\u0259m\u0259lidir” “D\u0259rslikl\u0259r o q\u0259d\u0259r ç\u0259tindir ki, heç biz özümüz ba\u015fa dü\u015fmürük, o ki qald\u0131 u\u015faqlar. Ev tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cemiyyet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54203"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54203\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}