{"id":46846,"date":"2017-05-19T12:21:53","date_gmt":"2017-05-19T08:21:53","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=46846","title":{"rendered":"Simptomlar h\u0259r zaman d\u00fczg\u00fcn ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u0259st\u0259lik çox inki\u015faf ed\u0259nd\u0259 müdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259k d\u0259 ç\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nLeykoz il\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259q\u0259d\u0259r ya\u015f qrupundan olan u\u015faqlar x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nirl\u0259r. Az hallarda 1 ya\u015fad\u0259k olan v\u0259 10 ya\u015f\u0131ndan art\u0131q olan u\u015faqlarda da bu x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 t\u0259sadüf edilir. Leykoz t\u0259dric\u0259n inki\u015faf edir. X\u0259st\u0259liyin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131ndan onun ilk \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rinin meydana ç\u0131xmas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r 1,5- 2 aydan az vaxt keçmir. Leykoz x\u0259st\u0259liyinin gedi\u015fi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259li oldu\u011funa gör\u0259 ilkin simptomlar da ona müvafiq olaraq üz\u0259 ç\u0131x\u0131r. Sümük iliyi s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 ik\u0259n klinik olaraq anemiya, trombositopeniya, leykopeniya n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan sol\u011funluq, hals\u0131zl\u0131q, z\u0259iflik, i\u015ftahas\u0131zl\u0131q, h\u0259rar\u0259t yüks\u0259lm\u0259si, müxt\u0259lif xarakterli qanaxma, qans\u0131zma v\u0259 hematomalar ba\u015f verir. Proses dig\u0259r qanyarad\u0131c\u0131 orqanlara yay\u0131landa dalaq, qaraciy\u0259r v\u0259 limfa v\u0259zl\u0259rinin böyüm\u0259si mü\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. b\u0259z\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 narahat etm\u0259y\u0259n m\u0259d\u0259-ba\u011f\u0131rsaq sistemi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, babasil kimi qan azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaradan probleml\u0259r sonradan ciddi qan azl\u0131qlar\u0131na g\u0259tirib ç\u0131xara bil\u0259r. Qan azl\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 müayin\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131lark\u0259n mütl\u0259q h\u0259min \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 bir problemin olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Çünki b\u0259z\u0259n qaraciy\u0259r probleml\u0259ri, ginekoloji, revmatik x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r xroniki anemiya yarad\u0131r.
\nXüsus\u0259n \u015f\u0259k\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda böyr\u0259k z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259ri yarananda sümük iliyind\u0259 qan\u0131n yaranma prosesi z\u0259ifl\u0259yir v\u0259 anemiya yaran\u0131r. Ona gör\u0259 d\u0259 qan azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r\u0259 sad\u0259 yana\u015fmaq olmaz. Bu x\u0259st\u0259liyin mütl\u0259q d\u0259rin müayin\u0259si laz\u0131md\u0131r. Anemiyan\u0131n müalic\u0259si il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 h\u0259min probleml\u0259rin d\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 müalic\u0259si \u0259sas \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir.
\nDig\u0259r sisteml\u0259r z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259n\u0259nd\u0259 ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, \u0259s\u0259bilik, görm\u0259 v\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259nin pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, diplopiya, müxt\u0259lif parezl\u0259rl\u0259 mü\u015fahid\u0259 olunan nevroloji simptomlar, \u0259traf sümükl\u0259rd\u0259 leykemik infiltrasiyaya il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olan “revmatik” a\u011fr\u0131lar yaran\u0131r. V\u0259ziyy\u0259t “qan simptomlar\u0131n\u0131” qabaqlayanda çox vaxt müxt\u0259lif qeyri-hematoloq müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r problemi dar ç\u0259rçiv\u0259d\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirir v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259min x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r b\u0259z\u0259n yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq revmatizm, meningit, hepatit, limfadenit, görm\u0259 sinirin parezi v\u0259 s. dig\u0259r diaqnozlarla müalic\u0259 olunurlar. Ona gör\u0259 d\u0259 simptomlar h\u0259r zaman düzgün ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 v\u0259 hematoloqlarla m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nLeykozlar reliksiyan\u0131n induksiyas\u0131, konsolitasiya, saxlay\u0131c\u0131 terapiya üsulu il\u0259 müalic\u0259 olunur. Reliksiyan\u0131n induksiyas\u0131 üsulu x\u0259st\u0259liyin k\u0259skin dövründ\u0259 kimy\u0259vi preparatlar\u0131n köm\u0259yil\u0259 sümük iliyind\u0259 \u015fi\u015f hüceyr\u0259l\u0259rini öldürm\u0259kl\u0259 müalic\u0259 edilir. K\u0259skin leykozun müalic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259d x\u0259st\u0259nin ömrünün uzad\u0131lmas\u0131na yön\u0259ldilib Bir sözl\u0259 bu üsulda müxt\u0259lif kombinasiyal\u0131 sitostatik preparatlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 leykoz hüceyr\u0259l\u0259rini m\u0259hv edilm\u0259si, aqranulositoz, trombositopeniya, anemiya v\u0259 ya x\u0259st\u0259liyin özün\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 yön\u0259ldilmi\u015f müalic\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata keçirilm\u0259si h\u0259yata keçirilir. Bel\u0259 proqramlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin 60-80 faizind\u0259 remisiyan\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259si v\u0259 20-40 faiz halda is\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259liyin tam sa\u011falmas\u0131 mümkün olub. K\u0259skin leykozun müalic\u0259si zaman\u0131 mü\u0259yy\u0259n prinsipl\u0259r \u0259sas tutulur:
\n* Diaqnoz qoyulduqdan d\u0259rhal sonra müalic\u0259 ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n* Müalic\u0259 k\u0259skin leykozun morfoloji v\u0259 siyokimy\u0259vi tipind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq differensasiya olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n* Eyni vaxtda bir-neç\u0259 preparatdan istifad\u0259 olunmal\u0131d\u0131r ( polikimy\u0259viterapiya).
\n* Leykopeniyan\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n* Remissiya m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 saxlay\u0131c\u0131 müalic\u0259nin apar\u0131lmas\u0131 z\u0259ruridir.
\nLeykoz zaman\u0131 d\u0259rman preparatlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sirind\u0259n leykemik hüceyr\u0259l\u0259r normal hüceyr\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 çevrilmir, onlar m\u0259hv olur. Müalic\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259d orqanizmin leykemik heceyr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sanasiya edilm\u0259sidir ki, bu da müxt\u0259lif t\u0259sir mexanizml\u0259rin\u0259 malik, çoxlu sayda kimyaterapiyalar\u0131n eyni zamanda t\u0259tbiq olunmas\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 edilir. Antileykemik preparatlar, \u0259n çox bölünm\u0259kd\u0259 olan hüceyr\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259sird\u0259 aktiv olurlar. Bu d\u0259rman preparatlar\u0131n\u0131n bir qismi mitozun yaln\u0131z mü\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, dig\u0259r qismi is\u0259 mitozun bütün m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri dövründ\u0259 t\u0259sir göst\u0259rir.
\nK\u0259skin leykoz zaman\u0131 müalis\u0259 prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 remisiyan\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 el\u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 remisiyaya qar\u015f\u0131 müalic\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri görm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Leykozun düzgün müalic\u0259si zaman\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar \u0259ld\u0259 edilir:
\n1. Tam kliniki-hematoloji remissiya.
\n2. Natamam kliniki-hematoloji remissiya.
\n3. Sa\u011falma (5 ild\u0259n yuxar\u0131 residivsiz,tam kliniki-hematolojiremissiya).
\n\u0130kinci müalic\u0259 etap\u0131 konsolitasiyad\u0131r. Burada iki il \u0259rzind\u0259 h\u0259r ayda kurslar keçirilir. Sümük iliyinin transplantasiyas\u0131 (köçürülm\u0259) \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 is\u0259 haz\u0131rda müalic\u0259nin \u0259n effektli yollar\u0131ndan biridir. Sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259si iki formada h\u0259yata keçirilir. Bir x\u0259st\u0259nin özünd\u0259n, ikinci halda yax\u0131n qohumlar\u0131ndan götürülür. Lakin son zamanlar qeyri-qohumlardan da sümük iliyi transplantasiyas\u0131 h\u0259yata keçirilir. Lakin bu üsul Az\u0259rbaycanda istifad\u0259 olunmur. Onu da qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259si nisb\u0259t\u0259n yeni bir tibbi prosedurdur v\u0259 bu  \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r a\u011f\u0131r x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin müalic\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunurdu. 1968-ci ild\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq u\u011furla sümük iliyinin transplantasiyadan sonra bu proses leykoz (qan x\u0259rç\u0259ngi), aplastik anemiya v\u0259 dig\u0259r a\u011f\u0131r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259ziyy\u0259t ç\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259rin müalic\u0259si zaman\u0131 da h\u0259yata keçirilir. MDB m\u0259kan\u0131nda sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259si yaln\u0131z Rusiyada, Ukraynada, Belarusiyada, dig\u0259r dünya dövl\u0259tl\u0259ri s\u0131ras\u0131na g\u0259linc\u0259 is\u0259 16 ölk\u0259d\u0259 mövcuddur. Bu növ transplantasiyan\u0131 h\u0259yata keçir\u0259n ölk\u0259l\u0259rin sayca azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sümük iliyi n\u0259qlinin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r mür\u0259kk\u0259b, yüks\u0259k texnoloji proses t\u0259l\u0259b etm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259mçinin öz\u0259l t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 cavab ver\u0259n tibbi avadanl\u0131q t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 xüsusi haz\u0131rl\u0131q keçmi\u015f tibbi hey\u0259tin olmas\u0131 da z\u0259ruridir. Sevindirici hald\u0131r ki, art\u0131q Az\u0259rbaycan bu ç\u0259tin i\u015fi bacaran ölk\u0259l\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycanda sümük iliyi transplantasiyas\u0131 2014-cü ild\u0259n h\u0259yata keçirilir. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq, sümük iliyinin transplantasiyas\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 Respublika Talassemiya M\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 ba\u015f tutub. Qohum donorlardan götürül\u0259n sümük iliyi  üç x\u0259st\u0259y\u0259 köçürülüb v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat u\u011furla ba\u015fa çat\u0131b. Bu mür\u0259kk\u0259b \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131 Talassemiya M\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 yerli müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r belaruslu h\u0259mkarlar\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259yi il\u0259 h\u0259yata keçirib. Sümük iliyinin transplantasiyas\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259nin sonrak\u0131 müalic\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan dövl\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n öd\u0259nilir. Bütün bunlar Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev Fondunun prezidenti Mehriban xan\u0131m \u018fliyevan\u0131n v\u0259 S\u0259hiyy\u0259 Nazirliyinin d\u0259st\u0259yi il\u0259 mümkün olub. 2014-cü ild\u0259n indiy\u0259d\u0259k is\u0259 51 x\u0259st\u0259y\u0259 sümük iliyi transplantasiyas\u0131 h\u0259yata keçirilib.
\nMaraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, b\u0259z\u0259n sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259sin\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131 olan \u015f\u0259xsin bac\u0131 v\u0259 ya qarda\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flam olmaya bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 olan halda dünya transplantasiya t\u0259crüb\u0259sind\u0259 Dünya Donorlar Bank\u0131n\u0131n qeydiyyat\u0131nda olan donor hüceyr\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur. H\u0259min bankda t\u0259xmin\u0259nm 26 milyona kimi potensial donor var. Bu donor bank\u0131nda olan donorlar\u0131n sümük iliyind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur. Lakin bunun üçün sümük iliyi transplantasiyas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan dövl\u0259tin Dünya Donor Bank\u0131n\u0131n qeydiyyat sistemin\u0259 daxil olmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u0259l\u0259lik Dünya Donor Bank\u0131n\u0131n qeydiyyat sistemin\u0259 daxil deyil. Bu da yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin i\u015fidir. Çünki qeydiyyata daxil olmaq üçün h\u0259min ölk\u0259d\u0259 bu sah\u0259 üzr\u0259 100-\u0259 yax\u0131n \u0259m\u0259liyyat aparmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259sind\u0259 50% sa\u011falma ehtimal\u0131 var. 
\nYuxar\u0131da qeyd edildiyi kimi sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259si h\u0259kiml\u0259rd\u0259n yüks\u0259k pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131q t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Ona gör\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda bu sah\u0259y\u0259 maraq art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Art\u0131q mü\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011fuirlar var. Son zamanlar g\u0259nc n\u0259sil art\u0131q bu sah\u0259y\u0259 maraq göst\u0259rir, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 bizd\u0259 d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 ixtisasla\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u0259kim kollektivinin say\u0131 b\u0259s ed\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r olacaq.
\nDig\u0259r müalic\u0259 üsulu is\u0259 saxlay\u0131c\u0131 terapiyad\u0131r. Bu zaman heç bir müalic\u0259 apar\u0131lm\u0131r. X\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r burax\u0131l\u0131r özba\u015f\u0131na. X\u0259st\u0259 5 il müdd\u0259tin\u0259 sa\u011f qal\u0131rsa, dem\u0259li sa\u011fal\u0131b. \u018fg\u0259r 5 il müdd\u0259tin\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259nin s\u0259hh\u0259tind\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 olarsa, onda yuxar\u0131da deyil\u0259n kimi sümük iliyinin köçürülm\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 apar\u0131l\u0131r.  X\u0259st\u0259lik çox inki\u015faf ed\u0259nd\u0259 müdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259k d\u0259 ç\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir.
\n\u0130nsanda qorxu, \u0259s\u0259b hissi x\u0259st\u0259liyin üz\u0259 ç\u0131xmas\u0131 üçün bir faktor ola bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r adi soyuqd\u0259ym\u0259 zaman\u0131 t\u0259hlük\u0259li m\u0259qam ya\u015faya bil\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259lik vaxt\u0131nda t\u0259yin olunarsa, bunun müalic\u0259si d\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r effektiv olar. H\u0259kim \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Ba\u011f\u0131rov müalic\u0259nin tam t\u0259m\u0259nnas\u0131z apar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Haz\u0131rda institutda müalic\u0259 alan 46 x\u0259st\u0259d\u0259n 26 n\u0259f\u0259ri k\u0259skin qan leykozundan \u0259ziyy\u0259t ç\u0259kir. <\/p>\n

Pünhan <\/strong>
\nYaz\u0131  “Leykozlu u\u015faqlara d\u0259st\u0259k” ictimai birliyinin Prezident yan\u0131nda Qeyri-Hökum\u0259t T\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131na Dövl\u0259t D\u0259st\u0259yi \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259yi il\u0259 icra etdiyi  “Qan x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri, müayin\u0259 v\u0259 müalic\u0259 imkanlar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 maarifl\u0259ndirm\u0259” layih\u0259si ç\u0259rçiv\u0259sind\u0259 haz\u0131rlan\u0131b.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

X\u0259st\u0259lik çox inki\u015faf ed\u0259nd\u0259 müdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259k d\u0259 ç\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir Leykoz il\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259q\u0259d\u0259r ya\u015f qrupundan olan u\u015faqlar x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nirl\u0259r. Az hallarda 1 ya\u015fad\u0259k olan v\u0259 10 ya\u015f\u0131ndan art\u0131q olan u\u015faqlarda da bu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cemiyyet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46846\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}