{"id":40556,"date":"2016-11-23T18:06:57","date_gmt":"2016-11-23T14:06:57","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=40556","title":{"rendered":"S\u0259dlu tayfas\u0131 Qaraqoyunlu d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynay\u0131b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas daya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n ikinci tayfa Baharlu idi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

XIV \u0259srin sonu, XV \u0259srin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda Naxç\u0131van v\u0259 Sürm\u0259li bölg\u0259si \u018fmir S\u0259d ba\u015fda olmaqla s\u0259dlular\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olubdur. \u018fmir S\u0259d 1411-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Çuxur-S\u0259d böIg\u0259sini idar\u0259 edibdir. O, h\u0259min ild\u0259 ölmü\u015f v\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda G\u0259f\u0259rabad k\u0259ndind\u0259 d\u0259fn olunubdur. O\u011flu Pir Hüseyn 1413-cü il Pir Hüseynin dövründ\u0259 s\u0259dlular\u0131n inzibati m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u0130r\u0259van olubdur. XV \u0259srd\u0259n etibar\u0259n ad\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 tez-tez t\u0259krar olunan "Çuxur-s\u0259d" bu tayfan\u0131n ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olubdur. Q.Qeybulayev heç bir \u0259sas olmadan bel\u0259 hesab edir ki, XIV \u0259srin sonunda Qaraqoyunlular S\u0259dlular\u0131n guya yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0259mirliy\u0259 son qoyub v\u0259 S\u0259dlu tayfas\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b, onlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si ayrumlara birl\u0259\u015fib, dig\u0259r hiss\u0259si is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259libdi. S\u0259dlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n Qaraqoyunlularla yax\u0131n qohum oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. F.Sümer yaz\u0131r ki, qaynaqlar S\u0259din övladlar\u0131n\u0131n Qaraqoyunlu hökmdarlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259miu\u015fa\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu göst\u0259rir. S\u0259dlu tayfas\u0131 Qaraqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131nda mühüm rol oynam\u0131\u015f \u0259sas qüvv\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri olubdur. Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas daya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n ikinci tayfa Baharlu idi. V.Minorskinin f\u0131krinc\u0259, bu tayfa öz ad\u0131n\u0131 H\u0259m\u0259dan yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Bahar adl\u0131 bir qaladan alibd\u0131r. Qaraqoyunlularla H\u0259m\u0259dan bölg\u0259si aras\u0131nda mühüm \u0259laq\u0259 olmal\u0131 idi. Çünki Cahan\u015fah\u0131n o\u011flu H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fli sonuncu d\u0259f\u0259 oraya s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131b, A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti zaman\u0131 qaraqoyunlu sülal\u0259sinin \u0259ks\u0259r hiss\u0259si bu bölg\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131blar. F.Sümer V.Minorskinin bu f\u0131krini müdafi\u0259 edibdir. B\u0259zi tarixçil\u0259r Baharlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n Kürdüstandak\u0131 Bahar adl\u0131 yerd\u0259n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 güman etm\u0259kd\u0259dirl\u0259r. M.H.Baharl\u0131 Baharlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n önc\u0259 Xorasanda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 sonralar Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259ldiyini, Mara\u011fa \u0259traf\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fdiyini qeyd edir. Baharlu b\u0259yl\u0259ri Qaraqoyunlu xan\u0259dan\u0131 il\u0259 qohumluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri yaratm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 bu dövl\u0259tin \u0259n böyük \u0259mirl\u0259ri olmu\u015flar. F.Sümerin q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 gör\u0259, Mün\u0259ccimba\u015f\u0131 "Baharlu" ad\u0131 il\u0259 "Baranlu" ad\u0131n\u0131 bir-biri il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 üçün Qaraqoyunlu \u0259mirl\u0259rinin bu tayfadan ç\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 göst\u0259ribdir. H\u0259mdüllah Q\u0259zvini "Nüzh\u0259tül qülub" \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Bahar qalas\u0131n\u0131n XIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Y\u0131v\u0259 \u0259miri Süleyman \u015eah\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 oldu\u011funu qeyd edir. Bu, baharlular\u0131n o\u011fuzlar\u0131n Y\u0131v\u0259 boyundan oldu\u011funu güman etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. Baharlu tayfas\u0131 öz ad\u0131n\u0131 heç d\u0259 V.Minorskinin qeyd etdiyi kimi, Bahar qalas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131ndan almay\u0131bd\u0131r. Güman etm\u0259k olar ki, Baharlu tayfas\u0131 öz ad\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u0259mirl\u0259rind\u0259n birinin ad\u0131ndan al\u0131b v\u0259 sonralar bu ad h\u0259min n\u0259slin v\u0259 ya sülal\u0259nin ad\u0131na çevrilib v\u0259 hakim olduqlar\u0131 bölg\u0259 d\u0259 onlar\u0131n ad\u0131 il\u0259 adlanma\u011fa ba\u015fla\u0131bd\u0131. Baharlu tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan oykoniml\u0259r \u015eu\u015fada v\u0259 Z\u0259ng\u0259zurda indi d\u0259 qalmaqdad\u0131r.  Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca tayfalar\u0131ndan biri d\u0259 Qaramanlu idi. Qaramanlu tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan sovet tarix\u015fünasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir fikir mövcuddur ki, guya bu tayfa öz ad\u0131n\u0131 Kiçik Qaramanlu b\u0259yliyinin ad\u0131ndan al\u0131b v\u0259 1471-ci ild\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 Türkiy\u0259sinin bu b\u0259yliyi i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra Qaramanlular köçüb Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259libl\u0259r.Bu f\u0131krin elmi \u0259sas\u0131 yoxdur. Çünki m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 bu cür qoyularsa, Qaramanlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n Qaraqoyunlularla \u0259laq\u0259sin\u0259 ehtiyac qalm\u0131r. \u015e.T\u0259kinda\u011f bel\u0259 hesab edir ki, Qaramanlular XIII \u0259srin I yar\u0131s\u0131nda, Monqol yürü\u015fl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 dig\u0259r türkman tayfalar\u0131 kimi Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259lmi\u015f v\u0259 \u015eirvan bölg\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015f\u0131blar.T\u0259hsin Ünal is\u0259 Qaramanlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 XI \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 S\u0259lcuq yürü\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n d\u0259 önc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Aran v\u0259 \u015eirvan bölg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qaynaqlara \u0259saslanaraq qeyd edir. Qaynaqlar\u0131n verdiyi m\u0259lumata gör\u0259, O\u011fuzlar\u0131n \u018ff\u015far boyundan olan Qaramanlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si Monqol yürü\u015fl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Aran v\u0259 \u015eirvan bölg\u0259sind\u0259n köç\u0259r\u0259k Kiçik Asiyan\u0131n c\u0259nubunda, Kilikiyada m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131.  F.Sümer, F.K\u0131rz\u0131o\u011flu, T.Ünal v\u0259 \u015e.T\u0259kinda\u011f da Qaramanlulann Kiçik Asiyaya monqol istilas\u0131 dövründ\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycandan köç etdiyini göst\u0259rirl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycanda qalm\u0131\u015f Qaramanlular dövrün siyasi hadis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak edibl\u0259r. F\u0259rhad xan Qaramanlu Olcaytunun, \u018fli \u018fhm\u0259d Qaramanlu is\u0259 C\u0259layiril\u0259rin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u0259mirl\u0259rind\u0259n olubdu. B\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 hakimi \u0259mir Qaraman da Qara Yusifin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u0259mirl\u0259rind\u0259n idi. Vaxtil\u0259 Cavan\u015fir, Göyçay, \u015eamax\u0131, Cavad q\u0259zalar\u0131ndak\u0131, haz\u0131rda is\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259, Göycay, Neftçala, Yevlax v\u0259 B\u0259rd\u0259 bölg\u0259sind\u0259ki Qaraman v\u0259 Qaramanlu k\u0259ndl\u0259ri bu tayfan\u0131n ni\u015fan\u0259l\u0259ridir. Alpaut tayfas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 "dü\u015fm\u0259n\u0259 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na hücum ed\u0259n" m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir. O, Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259n mühüm tayfalar\u0131ndan biri olubdur. Bu tayfan\u0131n ad\u0131 VIII \u0259sr m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd olunubdur. F.Sümerin fikrinc\u0259, Alpaut tayfas\u0131 H\u0259m\u0259dan bölg\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fibdi. Qaraqoyunlu \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259ti zaman\u0131nda Alpautlara Yaqub b\u0259y ba\u015fç\u0131l\u0131q edirdi.\u018fbu B\u0259kr Tehrani "Kitabi-Diyarb\u0259kriyy\u0259'd\u0259 Qara Yusifin hakimiyy\u0259tinin son dövrl\u0259rind\u0259 Qorqan Alpautun H\u0259m\u0259dana hakim, Sorqan Alpautun is\u0259 onun müavini oldu\u011funu qeyd edir. Qaraqoyunlu \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259nin Sultan \u015eahruxla \u0259sasl\u0131 döyü\u015fünd\u0259 Qorqan Alpautla Sorqan Alpaut onun solcinah\u0131nda olubdu. Alpaut tayfas\u0131 sonralar Çuxur-S\u0259d, Qaraba\u011f v\u0259 \u015eirvan bölg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015f\u0131bd\u0131. Bu tayfa il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan oykoniml\u0259r B\u0259rd\u0259, Qazax, Göyçay, Laç\u0131n v\u0259 Ucar bölg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qal\u0131bd\u0131r. C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259 \u0130ran Kürdüstan\u0131nda da Alpaut etnonimi saxlan\u0131l\u0131bd\u0131r Cakirlu tayfas\u0131 da Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas tayfalar\u0131ndan biri olubdu. Bu tayfan\u0131n öz ad\u0131n\u0131 C\u0259layiril\u0259r dövründ\u0259 \u018fmir Cagird\u0259n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 güman edilir. \u018fmir Cagir Teymurun Az\u0259rbaycana yürü\u015fl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 onun hakimiyy\u0259tini tan\u0131mal\u0131 olubdu. \u018fmir Cagirin ölümünd\u0259n sonra tayfaya onun o\u011flu B\u0259stam Cagir r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edibdi. \u018frd\u0259bil bölg\u0259sinin Cagirlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259dim yurdu oldu\u011fu qeyd olunur. F.Sümer \u0130bn \u018fr\u0259b\u015faha istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k cagirlular\u0131n kürd m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li oldu\u011funu göst\u0259rir. Lakin Z.V.To\u011fan onlar\u0131n Q\u0131pçaq türkl\u0259rind\u0259n oldu\u011funu bildirir. Q.Qeybullayev Cagirlu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n bolqar tayfas\u0131 olmu\u015f Çaxar tayfas\u0131ndan oldu\u011funu qeyd edir. Onun f\u0131krinc\u0259, bu tayfa il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan oykoniml\u0259r \u0130mi\u015fli, Göyçay, C\u0259bray\u0131l v\u0259 Masall\u0131 bölg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 "Çax\u0131rl\u0131" \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131bd\u0131r. Lakin Cagirlu tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oykoniml\u0259r\u0259 vaxt\u0131 il\u0259 Göyçay, Cavan\u015fir,  Nuxa, \u015eamax\u0131 v\u0259 Yelizavetpol q\u0259zalar\u0131nda Cagirli, haz\u0131rda is\u0259 B\u0259rd\u0259, \u015e\u0259ki, Göyçay, \u015e\u0259mkir v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 bölg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 C\u0259yirli formas\u0131nda rast g\u0259linir. Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas tayfalar\u0131ndan olan Haculu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 "Kitabi Diyarb\u0259kriyy\u0259" \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd olunur. Qara Yusif\u0131n \u018frzincan valisi Pir Öm\u0259r\u0259 yard\u0131ma gönd\u0259rilmi\u015f \u0259mirl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u018fmir \u0130lyas Hac\u0131lunun ad\u0131 ç\u0259kilir. Hac\u0131lu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n O\u011f\u0131\u0131zlar\u0131n Dö\u011f\u0259r boyundan oldu\u011fu göst\u0259rilir. F.Sümer Haculu tayfas\u0131n\u0131n önc\u0259 K\u0259rkük-\u018frbil bölg\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 göst\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, F.K\u0131rz\u0131o\u011flu bu tayfan\u0131n Qaraba\u011fda m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. Hac\u0131lu tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oykoniml\u0259r XIX \u0259srin sonu, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Z\u0259ng\u0259zur, Qaryagin, \u018fr\u0259\u015f, Cavan\u015fir, Yelizavetpol, Qazax v\u0259 Sürm\u0259li q\u0259zalar\u0131nda saxlan\u0131l\u0131bd\u0131r. Qaraqoyunlu tayfa birliyin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f A\u011fac\u0259ri tayfas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyatda müxt\u0259lif cür yozulubdur. Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kkülünd\u0259 v\u0259 etnik t\u0259kamülünd\u0259 mü\u0259yy\u0259n rolu olmu\u015f a\u011fx\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 müxt\u0259lif adlar alt\u0131nda (a\u011fac\u0259ril\u0259r v\u0259 s.) b\u0259hs edilibdir. "\u018fski türkl\u0259r x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 a\u011fac\u0259ri, \u0259ski yunanlar is\u0259 a\u011fatirs ad\u0131 veribl\u0259r".A\u011fac\u0259ri türk tayfas\u0131 a\u011fatir ad\u0131 il\u0259 Herodotda v\u0259 antik mü\u0259llifl\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd edilibdir.<\/p>\n

Tarix üzr\u0259 elml\u0259r doktoru
\nTofiq N\u0259c\u0259fli<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas daya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n ikinci tayfa Baharlu idi XIV \u0259srin sonu, XV \u0259srin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda Naxç\u0131van v\u0259 Sürm\u0259li bölg\u0259si \u018fmir S\u0259d ba\u015fda olmaqla s\u0259dlular\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olubdur. \u018fmir S\u0259d 1411-ci…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=40556"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40556\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=40556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=40556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=40556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}