{"id":37752,"date":"2016-09-20T18:35:55","date_gmt":"2016-09-20T14:35:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=37752","title":{"rendered":"Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 kils\u0259l\u0259ri albanlar tikib"},"content":{"rendered":"

Erm\u0259nil\u0259r is\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 XlX \u0259srd\u0259n ruslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n köçürülüb v\u0259 alban kils\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 sahib ç\u0131x\u0131blar<\/strong><\/p>\n

 Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259n göz\u0259l sübut kimi Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n, y\u0259ni \u018ft-T\u0259b\u0259rinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na gör\u0259, onun dövründ\u0259 “Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 ondan as\u0131l\u0131 olan ölk\u0259l\u0259r x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r ölk\u0259si” kimi tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin ad\u0131 bugün\u0259d\u0259k Lerik rayonu \u0259razisind\u0259ki X\u0259z\u0259ryaylaq, Ordubad rayonu \u0259razisind\u0259ki X\u0259z\u0259ryurd, Hadrut v\u0259 Füzuli rayonlar\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259ki X\u0259z\u0259rda\u011f toponiml\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259n n\u0259hay\u0259t, X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin ad\u0131nda ya\u015famaqdad\u0131r.
\nMaraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, \u015f\u0259rti olaraq “erm\u0259ni q\u0131pçaqcas\u0131” adland\u0131r\u0131lan q\u0131pçaqdilli alban \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 nümun\u0259l\u0259rinin bir qismi – \u0259sas\u0259n müxt\u0259lif “\u0130ncil” nüsx\u0259l\u0259ri, dua kitablar\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r xristian m\u0259zmunlu m\u0259tnl\u0259rin bir qismi Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259, y\u0259ni indiki Erm\u0259nistan \u0259razisind\u0259ki \u0259lyazmalar fondunda qorunur. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Murad Aci yaz\u0131r: “Erm\u0259nistanda erm\u0259ni qrafikas\u0131 il\u0259, f\u0259q\u0259t türkc\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f q\u0259dim müq\u0259dd\u0259s kitablar var. Madam ki, erk\u0259n Erm\u0259nistanda dualar türkc\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131, dem\u0259li, ibad\u0259t heç d\u0259 suryani dilind\u0259 yox, türkc\u0259 edilirdi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r üçün ilk m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259ri kiml\u0259r tikmi\u015fl\u0259r? N\u0259 üçün onlar\u0131n istiqam\u0259ti \u015f\u0259rq\u0259dir?…” . \u015eübh\u0259siz ki, bu gün “Erm\u0259nistan” kimi tan\u0131nan Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 kils\u0259l\u0259ri türkl\u0259r, y\u0259ni albanlar tikmi\u015fl\u0259r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r is\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 XlX \u0259srd\u0259n ruslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n köçürülmü\u015f v\u0259 alban – türk kils\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 sahib ç\u0131xm\u0131\u015flar. Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259n göz\u0259l sübut kimi Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n, y\u0259ni bugünkü qondarma Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n \u015eirak vilay\u0259tinin Artik bölg\u0259sinin XX \u0259srin 40-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 ad\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdiril\u0259r\u0259k “Ariç” \u015f\u0259klin\u0259 sal\u0131nan q\u0259dim Xpçax (Q\u0131pçaq) k\u0259ndind\u0259ki Xpçaxv\u0259ng adl\u0131 kils\u0259 v\u0259 monastr\u0131 (XII \u0259srd\u0259 tikildiyi söyl\u0259nilir) göst\u0259rm\u0259k olar. Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259baycanda (bugünkü Erm\u0259nistan) q\u0131pçaq – qarqarlar\u0131n çox q\u0259dim zamanlardan ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduqlar\u0131n\u0131, onlar\u0131n torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u018frm\u0259niyy\u0259 v\u0259 Kilikiyaya q\u0259d\u0259r uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 erm\u0259ni (hay) tarixçil\u0259ri d\u0259 etiraf edirl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, A. Akopyan özünün “Albaniya – Aluank q\u0259dim yunan – Roma v\u0259 q\u0259dim erm\u0259ni m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda yaz\u0131r ki, Moksda Qarqaradl\u0131 vilay\u0259t, Tsopka v\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Kilikiyada iki Qarqar qalas\u0131, Lori v\u0259 Parisosda iki Qarqar k\u0259ndi var. Bundan ba\u015fqa Me\u011fri t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 Qarqar da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mövcudlu\u011fu da m\u0259lumdur.Haz\u0131rda Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n (bugünkü Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n) Z\u0259ng\u0259zur bölg\u0259sind\u0259 qarqarlara aid bir monast\u0131r kompleksi d\u0259 qalmaqdad\u0131r. Önc\u0259l\u0259r “G\u0259rg\u0259rv\u0259ng” v\u0259 ya “Qarqarv\u0259ng” ad\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur olan bu monastra biti\u015fik H\u0259zr\u0259t M\u0259ry\u0259m kils\u0259sinin tikilm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra (1283-cü il) daha çox M\u0259ry\u0259m kils\u0259si v\u0259 ya “Surb Sion” monastr\u0131 kimi yad edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayan bu kompleks alban (h\u0259m d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan) memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n maraql\u0131 nümun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Qarqarlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f areal\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u0259ski erm\u0259ni (hay) m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 söz aç\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Moisey Xorenatsi (V \u0259sr) alban \u0259lifbas\u0131n\u0131n qarqar dili \u0259sas\u0131nda yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 söyl\u0259mi\u015f, Qarqar meydan\u0131ndan v\u0259 Qarqar m\u0259likliyind\u0259n söz açm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Gevond (VIII \u0259sr) Qarqar düz\u0259nliyinin, Böyük Vardan (XIII \u0259sr) is\u0259 Qarqar vilay\u0259tinin ad\u0131n\u0131 ç\u0259kmi\u015fl\u0259r. Tovma Artsruni is\u0259 türk m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li \u0259r\u0259b s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si Bu\u011fan\u0131n Qarqar düz\u0259nliyin\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k, B\u0259rd\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 daxil oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ümumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, \u0259ski yaz\u0131l\u0131 qaynaqlarda qarqarlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f areal\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 m\u0259lumat bulunmaqdad\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Strabon qarqarlar\u0131n amazonkalarla qon\u015fuluqda, amazonkalar\u0131n is\u0259 Albaniya üz\u0259rind\u0259 yüks\u0259l\u0259n da\u011flarda ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu xalq\u0131n ad\u0131 Qafqaz v\u0259 Orta Asiyan\u0131n toponomikas\u0131nda geni\u015f \u0259ks olunmu\u015fdur. Bu s\u0131rada XIX \u0259srd\u0259 indiki Da\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n Teymurxan\u015fura vilay\u0259tind\u0259 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Qarqar yer ad\u0131n\u0131, Tiflis quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n Tionet v\u0259 Axalsix uyezdl\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Qarqar – meydan, Qarqar – Qutan, Qarqar da\u011f\u0131, Qarqaris v\u0259 s. toponiml\u0259rini, Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259 rayonu \u0259razisind\u0259 mövcud olmu\u015f Xaraba – Qaraqar\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Qaraba\u011fla G\u0259d\u0259b\u0259y s\u0259rh\u0259ddind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir neç\u0259 Qarqar k\u0259ndini (bu gün onlardan biri G\u0259rg\u0259r, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Xarxar adlan\u0131r) v\u0259 Naxç\u0131van uyezdind\u0259 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Xarxar k\u0259ndini göst\u0259rm\u0259k olar. XIII \u0259sr \u0259r\u0259b mü\u0259llifi Yaqut \u0259l-H\u0259m\u0259vi Beyl\u0259qan yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Qarqar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini xat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130bn Xordadbeh (IX \u0259sr) is\u0259 \u015eabran v\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd aras\u0131ndak\u0131 Qarqar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n söhb\u0259t açmaqdad\u0131r. Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259ki iki ayr\u0131 Qarqar çay\u0131n\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Türkiy\u0259 v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 d\u0259 bir neç\u0259 Qarqar, Xarxar, G\u0259rg\u0259r adl\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sinin oldu\u011fu m\u0259lumdur. Qarqarlar\u0131n bir vaxtlar Orta Asiyada da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 söyl\u0259m\u0259k olar. Bel\u0259 ki, Dionisiy Perieqet (II \u0259sr) qarqarlar\u0131n Emod da\u011flar\u0131ndan Qanq çay\u0131 il\u0259 suvar\u0131lan torpaqlara q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f bir \u0259razid\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Türk – alban dilind\u0259, y\u0259ni “erm\u0259ni qrafikas\u0131” (\u0259slind\u0259 alban \u0259lifbas\u0131) il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, f\u0259q\u0259t türkc\u0259 (q\u0131pçaq türkc\u0259sind\u0259) olan xristian \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na g\u0259linc\u0259, bu \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 V \u0259sr erm\u0259ni salnam\u0259çisi Koroyunun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na gör\u0259, h\u0259l\u0259 o dövrd\u0259 Albaniya yepiskopu \u0130remiyan\u0131n ba\u015fç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 dini kitablar, y\u0259ni Bibliya alban dilin\u0259 t\u0259rcüm\u0259 edilmi\u015fdi. VIII \u0259sr erm\u0259ni tarixçisi Gevond özünün “Tarix” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 bildirir ki, onun dövründ\u0259 “\u0130ncil” bir s\u0131ra dill\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 alban dilind\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259dris edilirdi v\u0259 alban dilind\u0259 olan dinikitablar ciddi c\u0259hdl\u0259 qorunurdular (Gevond, XIV f\u0259sil). Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n \u0259lyazmalar fondunda ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar aparan A. D. Ananyan is\u0259 müq\u0259dd\u0259s Yeliseyin \u015e\u0259rq ölksind\u0259 – Albaniyadak\u0131 f\u0259aliyytind\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259 bir s\u0259n\u0259d tapm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259rc etdirmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259din erm\u0259ni dilin\u0259 alban dilind\u0259n t\u0259rcüm\u0259 edildiyini t\u0259rcüm\u0259çil\u0259rin özl\u0259ri qeyd etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. H\u0259min \u0259razid\u0259 mövcud olan erm\u0259ni qrafikal\u0131 türkdilli dini \u0259d\u0259biyyata g\u0259linc\u0259, onlar alban \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 nümun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyildir. Bu \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259lifban\u0131n erm\u0259ni \u0259lifbas\u0131 il\u0259 eyni m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li olmas\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 ortaq din xristian albanlar\u0131n mü\u0259yy\u0259n bir hiss\u0259sinin zamanla erm\u0259nil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Bununla bel\u0259, çox sayda nümun\u0259si (onminl\u0259rc\u0259 s\u0259hif\u0259) Pol\u015fa, Rusiya, Avstriya, \u0130taliya, Rum\u0131niya, Ukrayna v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistanda qorunub saxlanm\u0131\u015f q\u0131pçaqdilli alban \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlara c\u0259lb etm\u0259k, onlar\u0131 d\u0259rind\u0259n öyr\u0259nm\u0259k \u0259n az\u0131 Albaniyan\u0131n tarixini, Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f vermi\u015f etnik v\u0259 etnolinqvistik prosesl\u0259ri d\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015fa dü\u015fm\u0259k bax\u0131m\u0131ndan çox vacibdir. Biz “Kitabi-D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud” say\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda o\u011fuz-q\u0131pçaq münasib\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 o\u011fuzlar\u0131n rolundan x\u0259b\u0259rdar\u0131q. \u0130ndi is\u0259 q\u0131pçaqdilli alban \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131b prosesl\u0259r\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fin d\u0259 gözü il\u0259 baxma\u011f\u0131n vaxt\u0131 çat\u0131b. Üst\u0259lik d\u0259 bu \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si kimi gözd\u0259n keçirm\u0259yin d\u0259 vaxt\u0131 art\u0131q çoxdan çatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fld\u0259 olan t\u0259kzibedilm\u0259z s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r q\u0131pçaq m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qarqar dilinin Albaniyan\u0131n dövl\u0259t dili oldu\u011funu v\u0259 bu dild\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n apar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 söyl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 tam \u0259sas verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, 505–ci ild\u0259 bugünkü \u0130ran \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan xristianlara ünvanlanm\u0131\u015f erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259 olan bir m\u0259ktubda deyilir: “Biz siz\u0259 daha önc\u0259 öz aram\u0131zda raz\u0131la\u015faraq, erm\u0259ni, gürcü v\u0259 alban dill\u0259rind\u0259, h\u0259min dill\u0259rin yaz\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259ktub yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131q. \u0130ndis\u0259 eyni \u015feyi t\u0259krar edirik”. Elm al\u0259mind\u0259 “Erm\u0259ni q\u0131pçaqcas\u0131” adland\u0131r\u0131lan yaz\u0131lar\u0131n v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n gerç\u0259kd\u0259n d\u0259 albanlara m\u0259xsus oldu\u011funu t\u0259kzibedilm\u0259z \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 sübut ed\u0259 bilm\u0259miz üçün h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir alban mü\u0259llifinin h\u0259min dild\u0259, y\u0259ni q\u0131pçaq türkc\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 erm\u0259ni (\u0259slind\u0259 alban) \u0259lfbas\u0131 il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sad\u0259c\u0259 birc\u0259 s\u0259tirini \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259miz yet\u0259rli idi. Bizim is\u0259 \u0259limizd\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir alban mü\u0259llifin birc\u0259 s\u0259tri yox, çox sayda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f alban mü\u0259llifinin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n böyük alban maarifçisi Mxitar Qo\u015fun “Tör\u0259 bitiki” (Qanunlar toplusu) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n bütöv bir parças\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 Kirakos G\u0259nc\u0259linin “Tarix” kitab\u0131n\u0131n II f\u0259sli, alban katalikosu Nersesin “\u0130nam\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131”, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Yovhannes Sarqavak, Vardapet Vanakan v\u0259 s. mü\u0259llifl\u0259rin moiz\u0259l\u0259ri kimi t\u0259kzibedilm\u0259z d\u0259lill\u0259r var. <\/p>\n

B\u0259xtiyar Tuncay
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