Bu dövr Az\u0259rbaycan türkl\u0259rinin milli inki\u015faf tarixind\u0259 xüsusi ön\u0259m da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r, dövl\u0259tçilik tariximizin dönü\u015f m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir.
\nXalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n orta ça\u011f tarixinin öyr\u0259nilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tarix elminin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra mühüm probleml\u0259r durmaqdad\u0131r. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 XV yüzillikd\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 deyil, eyni zamanda qon\u015fu ölk\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259razil\u0259rini d\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n orta ça\u011f\u0131n qüdr\u0259tli Az\u0259rbaycan türk imperiyas\u0131 olan A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin ictimai iqtisadi, siyasi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni inki\u015faf tarixind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin daha d\u0259rind\u0259n ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bel\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 Türkiy\u0259 tarixçil\u0259ri \u0130lhan Erdem v\u0259 Kaz\u0131m Payda\u015f\u0131n 2007-ci ild\u0259 Ankarada n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259ti tarixi. Siyas\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat kültür» adl\u0131 monoqrafiyas\u0131d\u0131r. Vaxt\u0131 il\u0259 pantürkizm, panislamizm v\u0259 paniranizm öldürücü yarl\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 yasaq olunmu\u015f \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli keçmi\u015fimiz el\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, bugünkü g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 el\u0259 çatd\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, onlar bas\u0131lmaz qeyr\u0259t ruhu, sars\u0131lmaz \u0259qid\u0259 v\u0259 milli qürur duy\u011fusu il\u0259 minillik üçün silahlanm\u0131\u015f olsunlar, tariximizi \u015f\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259 ya\u015fada bilsinl\u0259r. Bu \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli borcu h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259k üçün V\u0259t\u0259nimizin keçmi\u015finin h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 böyük \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malikdir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda Qaraqoyunlu v\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu dövrü kimi tan\u0131nan XV yüzillik, öz tarixi f\u0259ls\u0259fi mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 gör\u0259 dövl\u0259tçilik tariximizin dönü\u015f m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si hesab edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu dövr Az\u0259rbaycan türkl\u0259rinin milli inki\u015faf tarixind\u0259 xüsusi ön\u0259m da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Çünki XV yüzilliyin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda ölk\u0259mizd\u0259 yadelli a\u011fal\u0131\u011f\u0131na son qoyuldu v\u0259 O\u011fuz-türk dövl\u0259tçilik \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 söyk\u0259n\u0259n dövl\u0259tçiliyimiz b\u0259rpa edildi. Qaraqoyunlu v\u0259 onu \u0259v\u0259z ed\u0259n A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tl\u0259rinin yaranmas\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 O\u011fuzlar (türkmanlar) art\u0131q yaln\u0131z etnik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259siyasi bax\u0131mdan hakim mövqe qazand\u0131lar. Bu dön\u0259md\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n Diyar b\u0259kr\u0259 v\u0259 \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259n \u018frzincana q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan \u0259razi, y\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Anadolu torpaqlar\u0131 Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015füurunda «Türkman eli», T\u0259briz is\u0259 «darül mülkü Türkman» kimi q\u0259bul edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.
\nUzun müdd\u0259t Q\u0259rb mediyevistikas\u0131nda Qaraqoyunlu-A\u011fqoyunlu dövrü, «m\u0259rk\u0259zi müs\u0259lman \u0259razil\u0259ri» tarixind\u0259 iki böyük dövr- Elxani-monqol v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi-Q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f dön\u0259ml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda sad\u0259c\u0259 bir keçid v\u0259 ya aral\u0131q dövrü kimi q\u0259bul edilirdi. Bu konsepsiya t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131n\u0131n fikrin\u0259 gör\u0259, S\u0259f\u0259vi dövl\u0259ti XVI yüzillikd\u0259 \u0130ran milli dövl\u0259tçiliyinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 dövrü idi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, A\u011fqoyunlu dövrü d\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 \u0130ran milli dövl\u0259tçiliyinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 bir haz\u0131rl\u0131q dövrü hesab edilirdi. T\u0259biidir ki, bu konsepsiya ç\u0259rçiv\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n XV yüzillik tarixinin gerç\u0259k mahiyy\u0259tini d\u0259rk etm\u0259k mümkün deyil. Zaman keçdikc\u0259 bu dövr\u0259 aid yeni qaynaqlar\u0131n i\u015f\u0131q üzü görm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar\u0131n da Az\u0259rbaycan A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin tarixin\u0259 maraqlar\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f, bu tarixi yenid\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n keçirm\u0259k v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259r\u2010 l\u0259ndirm\u0259k ehtiyac\u0131 ortaya ç\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin tarixin\u0259 aid yeni ön\u0259mli akademik t\u0259dqiqatlar n\u0259\u015fr edilmi\u015fdir. Bel\u0259 n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 Türkiy\u0259 tarixçil\u0259ri \u0130lhan Erdem v\u0259 Kaz\u0131m Payda\u015f\u0131n 2007-ci ild\u0259 Ankarada n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259ti tarixi. Siyas\u0259t-t\u0259\u015fkilat-kültür» adl\u0131 monoqrafiyas\u0131d\u0131r. Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Türkiy\u0259 tarix\u015fünasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin tarixi \u0130.Erdem v\u0259 K.Payda\u015f\u0131n monoqrafiyas\u0131na kimi \u0130.H. Uzunçar\u015f\u0131l\u0131, M.X.Y\u0131nanç, F.Sümer \u015e.Turan v\u0259 S. Er\u015fahin t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015fdir. Bu t\u0259dqiqatlarda ba\u015fl\u0131ca diqq\u0259t A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin siyasi tarixin\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir. Düzdür, \u0130.H. Uzunçar\u015f\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 ictimai v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 xüsusi diqq\u0259t yetirilmi\u015fdir. Yaln\u0131z S.Er\u015fahinin monoqrafiyas\u0131nda A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n siyasi tarixi il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, onlar\u0131n iqtisadi, ictimai v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni tarixi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r xüsusi t\u0259dqiqat obyekti kimi ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259hz bu \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin tarixinin bir tam hal\u0131nda t\u0259dqiqin\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüs edildiyini v\u0259 mü\u0259llifin qar\u015f\u0131ya qoydu\u011fu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259llin\u0259 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 nail olma\u011fa çal\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 görürük. Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Az\u0259rbaycan A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin siyasi, iqtisadi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni tarixi tarix\u015fünasl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda laz\u0131mi s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 \u0130.P. Petru\u015fevskinin, C. \u0130brahimovun, Y.M. Mah mudovun, \u015e.F\u0259rz\u0259liyevin, T. N\u0259c\u0259flinin t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ümumil\u0259\u015fdirici \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri göst\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259rik
\n\u0130.Erdem v\u0259 K.Payda\u015f\u0131n haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z monoqrafiyas\u0131 7 bölm\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. \u018fs\u0259rin I bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi v\u0259 tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 ç\u0131xmas\u0131», II bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlu b\u0259yliyi», III bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259ti», IV bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin dur\u011funluq dövrü», V bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131», VI bölm\u0259si «A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin qurulu\u015fu: saray, hökum\u0259t, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259rbi t\u0259\u015fkilat» v\u0259 VII bölm\u0259si «Dini v\u0259 fikri h\u0259yat, s\u0259n\u0259t f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri» adlan\u0131r. Monoqrafiyan\u0131n h\u0259r bir bölm\u0259si ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 paraqraflara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin siyasi, iqtisadi-sosial v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni tarixin\u0259 aid m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259ks etdirmi\u015fdir. Kitab\u0131n sonundak\u0131 «Biblioqrafiya» adlanan hiss\u0259sind\u0259 mü\u0259llifl\u0259rin istifad\u0259 etdiyi qaynaqlar, t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 mövzu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ümumi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat verilmi\u015fdir. \u0130.Erdem v\u0259 K.Payda\u015f\u0131n monoqrafiyas\u0131n\u0131 A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin tarixin\u0259 aid yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dig\u0259r \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n mühüm c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri, burada dövrün qaynaqlar\u0131ndan v\u0259 son dövrl\u0259r\u0259 kimi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n yararlanmaqla A\u011fqoyunlu dövl\u0259tinin siyasi tarixinin \u0259trafl\u0131 \u015f\u0259rhi verilm\u0259si, dövl\u0259t qurulu\u015fu, idar\u0259 sistemi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi h\u0259yat\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259dqiqin\u0259 xüsusi diqq\u0259t yetirilm\u0259sidir. Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, \u0130.Erdem v\u0259 K.Payda\u015f\u0131n monoqrafiyas\u0131na kimi A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n ictimai v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r qism\u0259n \u0130.H.Uzunçar\u015f\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Lakin bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin daha geni\u015f v\u0259 \u0259trafl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259dqiqi S.Er\u015fahinin yuxar\u0131da qeyd etdiyimiz \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015fdir.
\nMonoqrafiyan\u0131n I bölm\u0259sind\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi, onlar\u0131n tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 ç\u0131xmas\u0131 v\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu ulusuna daxil olan tayfalar t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015fdir. Bu bölm\u0259d\u0259 a\u011fqoyunlu oyma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131, tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 ç\u0131xmas\u0131 v\u0259 a\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluya g\u0259lm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Mü\u0259llifl\u0259r A\u011fqoyunlu ulusuna daxil olan tayfalar\u0131n, o cüml\u0259d\u0259n Bayandurlar\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 XI yüzillikd\u0259 S\u0259lcuq yürü\u015fl\u0259ri dövründ\u0259 Anadoluya g\u0259lm\u0259sini qeyd etmi\u015f v\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluya g\u0259lm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 ayd\u0131nl\u0131q g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 çal\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n \u0259sas boyu olan «Bayand\u0131rlar\u0131n Selcuklu fatehkl\u0259rl\u0259 Anadoluya g\u0259lmi\u015f olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 ehtimal ed\u0259n» mü\u0259llifl\u0259r onlar\u0131n XIII yüzilliyin ortalar\u0131nda Monqol i\u015f\u011fallar\u0131 dövründ\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycandan \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluya g\u0259lm\u0259sini göst\u0259rirl\u0259r. \u018fbub\u0259kr Tehrani «Tarixi-Diyarb\u0259kriyy\u0259» \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 onlar\u0131n «D\u0259\u015fti Q\u0131pçaq»dan önc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana (VII \u0259srd\u0259) g\u0259ldikl\u0259rini (r\u0259vay\u0259t \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 olsa bel\u0259) qeyd etmi\u015fdir. Dem\u0259li, bayand\u0131rlar Anadoluya Az\u0259rbaycandan g\u0259lib keçmi\u015fl\u0259r, güman etm\u0259k yerind\u0259 olar ki, onlar Az\u0259rbaycandan \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluya mü\u0259llifl\u0259rin d\u0259 etiraf etdikl\u0259ri kimi \u0259sas\u0259n monqol hücumlar\u0131 dövründ\u0259 köçmü\u015fl\u0259r. Bu bölm\u0259d\u0259 diqq\u0259ti c\u0259lb ed\u0259n mühüm c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri mü\u0259llifl\u0259rin A\u011fqoyunlu ulusuna daxil olan oymaqlar haqda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verm\u0259sidir.Mü\u0259llifl\u0259r C.Vudsun v\u0259 Türkiy\u0259 tarixçil\u0259rinin A\u011fqoyunlu oymaqlar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131na istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k bu tayfalar haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Tofiq N\u018fC\u018fFL\u0130
\n (ard\u0131 var)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bu dövr Az\u0259rbaycan türkl\u0259rinin milli inki\u015faf tarixind\u0259 xüsusi ön\u0259m da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r, dövl\u0259tçilik tariximizin dönü\u015f m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir. Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n orta ça\u011f tarixinin öyr\u0259nilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tarix elminin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra mühüm probleml\u0259r durmaqdad\u0131r. Bu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37461"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37461\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}