{"id":36026,"date":"2016-08-04T19:18:02","date_gmt":"2016-08-04T15:18:02","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=36026","title":{"rendered":"XV\u2013XVI \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 diplomatik \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Türk–müs\u0259lman dövl\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r elçil\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259nirdi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u0259ngin dövl\u0259tçilik tariximizin öyr\u0259nilm\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dövl\u0259tl\u0259rinin diplomatik münasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259dqiqi müst\u0259sna \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n mövcud oldu\u011fu regionda diplomatik münasib\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n t\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti türk–müs\u0259lman dövl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 bu \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin elçil\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259ndiyini qeyd edibl\u0259r.  T\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 dövr\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 diplomatik etiket qaydalar\u0131, dövl\u0259t ba\u015fç\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259rin q\u0259bulu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirilibdir. 
\nOrta \u0259sr qaynaqlar\u0131nda hökmdarlar v\u0259 \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015fqa dövl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259l\u0259rinin geni\u015f t\u0259sviri yer almaqdad\u0131r. Bu materiallara \u0259sas\u0259n dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, hökmdarlar\u0131n ba\u015fqa dövl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259l\u0259ri onlar\u0131n taxt-taclar\u0131 üçün ciddi t\u0259hlük\u0259 oldu\u011fu t\u0259qdird\u0259 mümkün olurdu. XIV \u0259srin sonu XV \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u018fmir Teymur t\u0259hlük\u0259si üzünd\u0259n Sultan \u018fhm\u0259d C\u0259lairi v\u0259 Qara Yusifin \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 dövl\u0259tin\u0259, sonra is\u0259 Misir M\u0259mlük dövl\u0259tin\u0259 getm\u0259l\u0259ri m\u0259lum hadis\u0259dir. Hökmdar v\u0259 \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015fqa dövl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 getdikl\u0259ri zaman siyasi v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq q\u0259bul edilm\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259sviri bir s\u0131ra tarixi h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259ri ortaya qoyma\u011fa imkan verir. Bu bax\u0131mdan XVI \u0259sr Osmanl\u0131 mü\u0259llifi Xoca S\u0259d\u0259ddin \u018ff\u0259ndinin “Tacüt-t\u0259varix” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Qaraqoyunlu hökmdar\u0131 \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259nin Ruma getm\u0259sinin t\u0259sviri maraq do\u011furur. Xoca \u018ff\u0259ndi yaz\u0131r: “Bu ild\u0259 Teymur xan o\u011flu \u015eahrux qorxusundan \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y qaç\u0131b Ruma (Osmanl\u0131) g\u0259ldi v\u0259 \u015eahrux Mirz\u0259 \u0130raq vilay\u0259tini qar\u0259t v\u0259 x\u0259rab etdi”  \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259 q\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu diyarda keçirm\u0259k üçün Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131na übudiyy\u0259tnam\u0259 (ita\u0259t m\u0259ktubu – T.C.) yaz\u0131r. Burada o, Osmanl\u0131 saray\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 atas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131n\u0131n babas\u0131 aras\u0131nda olan dostlu\u011fun davam\u0131 kimi xat\u0131rlad\u0131r v\u0259 q\u0131\u015flamaq üçün bir gu\u015f\u0259 rica edir. II Sultan Murad is\u0259 Amasya v\u0259 Toqat hakimi olan Yerküc pa\u015faya hökm gönd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k “orada \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259ni yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kd\u0259 ehtiyatl\u0131 davranma\u011f\u0131, pad\u015faha uy\u011fun bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 onu qonaq saxlama\u011f\u0131” tövsiy\u0259 edir  Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131n\u0131n ehtiyatl\u0131 davranma t\u0259l\u0259bi, t\u0259bii ki, Ruma do\u011fru ç\u0259kil\u0259n Qaraqoyunlu hökmdar\u0131n\u0131n güclü h\u0259rbi qüvv\u0259y\u0259 malik olmas\u0131ndan ir\u0259li g\u0259lirdi. Bel\u0259 ki, Toqata ç\u0259kilm\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l onun yolunu Gürcüstan s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259 “Du\u015fqaya” adl\u0131 yerd\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu qüvv\u0259l\u0259ri k\u0259smi\u015fdi, lakin onlar \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011frad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu zaman arxadan \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259nin qo\u015fununu \u015eahruxun o\u011flu \u018fmir Cöng\u0259nin [\u0259r\u0259b qrafikas\u0131n\u0131n türk sözl\u0259rinin oxunmas\u0131nda yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131q üzünd\u0259n onun ad\u0131 müasir elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyatda “Cuki” kimi verilir] ba\u015fç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda Teymuri qüvv\u0259si t\u0259qib edirdi. A\u011fqoyunlular \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259nin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tab g\u0259tir\u0259 bilm\u0259dikl\u0259rind\u0259n \u018frzincana ç\u0259kilmi\u015f v\u0259 1435-ci il avqustun sonu – sentyabr\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 burada Qaraqoyunlu s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si il\u0259 Qara Yuluq aras\u0131nda ba\u015f vermi\u015f döyü\u015fd\u0259 ac\u0131nacaql\u0131 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fram\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu b\u0259yinin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259s\u0259r\u0259k M\u0259mlük sultan\u0131na gönd\u0259rmi\u015fdi. 
\nOsmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259rman\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq, x\u0259zin\u0259d\u0259n \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r Mirz\u0259y\u0259 layiqli h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r – z\u0259r\u0259 tutulmu\u015f geyiml\u0259r, miras silahlar, da\u015f-qa\u015fla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015f bir neç\u0259 at v\u0259 sadalanmas\u0131 mümkün olmayan ba\u015fqa h\u0259diy\u0259l\u0259r gönd\u0259rilmi\u015fdi. M\u0259mlük tarixçil\u0259ri Qaraqoyunlu hökmdar\u0131na II Murad t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n on min altun pul da gönd\u0259rildiyini yazm\u0131\u015flar.
\nHökmdar v\u0259 \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131lanma m\u0259rasimind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fan Böyük \u015eah Abbas S\u0259f\u0259vi (1587–1629) dövrünün tarixçisi \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y Türkman “Tarixe al\u0259m araye-Abbasi” (“Dünyan\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n Abbas\u0131n tarixi”) \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 1541\/2-ci, 1558\/9-cu il hadis\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259svirl\u0259r\u0259 bel\u0259 yer verir: “M\u0259rhum  pad\u015fah M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Hümayun ibn Babur pad\u015fah \u0130bn Öm\u0259r \u015eeyx Mirz\u0259 ibn Sultan \u018fbu S\u0259id Gur\u0259kan\u0131n xeyir amall\u0131 (xeyrm\u0259al) \u0259hvalat\u0131 v\u0259 Rum m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rinin hökmdarlar\u0131 n\u0259slind\u0259n olan b\u0259d \u0259qid\u0259li \u015fahzad\u0259 Sultan Bayazid ibn Sultan Süleyman ibn Sultan S\u0259limin hadis\u0259sidir. Onlar\u0131n h\u0259r ikisi f\u0259l\u0259k hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin ucbat\u0131ndan c\u0259nn\u0259tm\u0259kan \u015fah\u0131n saray\u0131na p\u0259nah g\u0259tirmi\u015fl\u0259r”. Böyük Mo\u011fol hökmdar\u0131 Humayun \u015eirxan \u0259fqanla döyü\u015fd\u0259 m\u0259\u011flub olduqdan sonra qarda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n müxalif\u0259ti il\u0259 üzl\u0259\u015fdi. O, hakimiyy\u0259tini b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k üçün S\u0259f\u0259vi dövl\u0259tind\u0259n yard\u0131m almaq niyy\u0259tin\u0259 dü\u015fdü. “O c\u0259naba v\u0259fadar v\u0259 onunla s\u0259f\u0259r yolda\u015f\u0131 olmaqla mü\u015f\u0259rr\u0259f olan \u0259mirl\u0259rd\u0259n, cannisar mülaziml\u0259rd\u0259n v\u0259 s\u0259daq\u0259t \u015füarl\u0131 xidm\u0259tçil\u0259rd\u0259n altm\u0131\u015f-yetmi\u015f n\u0259f\u0259r adam onunla (M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Hümayunla) birlikd\u0259ydi. Onlar\u0131n \u0259n \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tlisi \u018fli \u015eükür b\u0259y Türkman\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si Bayram xan Bahadur idi. Türkman n\u0259slind\u0259n olan atas\u0131 v\u0259 babas\u0131 \u0130ran mülkünd\u0259 ya\u015fayan adamlard\u0131lar. Bayram xan\u0131n özü is\u0259 Allah\u0131n t\u0259qdiri il\u0259 Baburun ali ordusunun t\u0259rkibind\u0259 Kabul t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 dü\u015fmü\u015f v\u0259 o, dudmana l\u0259yaq\u0259tl\u0259 xidm\u0259t göst\u0259rdiyin\u0259 gör\u0259 ali m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 ucalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r ba\u015f ver\u0259n vaxt Bayram xan Hümayunun hökum\u0259tind\u0259 xidm\u0259t edirdi. Onlar sövq biyaban\u0131n\u0131 keç\u0259r\u0259k Çul (?) yoluyla \u015eirvan vilay\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259ldil\u0259r, oradan mü\u015fk \u0259tirli q\u0259l\u0259mi il\u0259 bir m\u0259ktub yaz\u0131b, onu ali \u015faha yollad\u0131”. \u015eah I T\u0259hmasibin gördüyü t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y bel\u0259 t\u0259svir edir: “O h\u0259zr\u0259tin h\u0259min uca m\u0259nzilli pad\u015faha göst\u0259rdiyi mehribanl\u0131q haqq\u0131nda Hümayun pad\u015faha v\u0259 onun ali m\u0259hiyy\u0259t mülaziml\u0259rin\u0259 göst\u0259ril\u0259c\u0259k xidm\u0259td\u0259n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d xan \u015e\u0259r\u0259f\u0259ddino\u011fluya yaz\u0131lan f\u0259rmanda da cüml\u0259l\u0259r vard\u0131r. “Tarixe-\u018fkb\u0259ri” kitab\u0131n\u0131n mü\u0259llifi \u015eeyx \u018fbülf\u0259zl ibn \u015eeyx Mübar\u0259k Hümayunun hakimiyy\u0259t dövrünü \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n ax\u0131rad\u0259k t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdir. Oradan m\u0259lum olur ki, o ali m\u0259qaml\u0131 pad\u015fah \u0259traf yerl\u0259ri t\u0259l\u0259sm\u0259d\u0259n seyr ed\u0259-ed\u0259 Sistandan ç\u0131xaraq, Herata g\u0259lib çatd\u0131. O, ruzigar\u0131n gedi\u015find\u0259n m\u0259lala dü\u015fmü\u015fdü v\u0259 q\u0259lbin\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r \u015fadl\u0131q b\u0259x\u015f etm\u0259kd\u0259n ötrü b\u0259z\u0259n ova ç\u0131xard\u0131. Yuxar\u0131da ad\u0131 ç\u0259kil\u0259n f\u0259rmanda i\u015far\u0259 olundu\u011fu kimi, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d xan \u015e\u0259r\u0259f\u0259ddino\u011flu Pole-Malan körpüsünün ba\u015f\u0131nda b\u0259r-b\u0259z\u0259kli qo\u015funla, müxt\u0259lif qiym\u0259tli pe\u015fk\u0259\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259 o cah-c\u0259lal dair\u0259sinin m\u0259rk\u0259zini (Hümayun pad\u015fah\u0131) qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Onlar Baq\u015f\u0259hr\u0259 (Bage-\u015f\u0259hr) t\u0259\u015frif g\u0259tirdikl\u0259ri gün al\u0259ml\u0259r \u015fahzad\u0259si Sultan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Mirz\u0259 onu q\u0259bul olunmu\u015f qayda üzr\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Bel\u0259 ki, o h\u0259zr\u0259t g\u0259lib çatd\u0131qda, atdan dü\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, onu salamlad\u0131. O h\u0259zr\u0259t d\u0259 atdan enib, \u015fahzad\u0259ni öz mehribanl\u0131q a\u011fu\u015funa ald\u0131. \u015eahzad\u0259 is\u0259 ali qona\u011f\u0131 piyada qar\u015f\u0131lamaq v\u0259 ata minm\u0259m\u0259k böyüklük t\u0259riqi v\u0259 qaydas\u0131 oldu\u011fundan (seçm\u0259l\u0259r bizimdir – T.C.), el\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etdi, öz o\u011fulluq münasib\u0259tini göst\u0259rib t\u0259vazökarl\u0131q v\u0259 insanp\u0259rv\u0259rliyini \u0259ld\u0259n verm\u0259di. O h\u0259zr\u0259t bir neç\u0259 gün h\u0259min ür\u0259y\u0259yat\u0131ml\u0131, xüsus\u0259n, “Ba\u011fe-Murad”da, “Ba\u011fe-Za\u011fan”da v\u0259 “Ba\u011fe-c\u0259hanara” da ey\u015f-i\u015fr\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful oldu, öz qüss\u0259li xatirini \u015f\u0259nl\u0259ndirdi. Hümayunun f\u0259rman\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259zmununu günd\u0259lik d\u0259stirül\u0259m\u0259l\u0259 çevir\u0259n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d xan layiqli xidm\u0259t edib onun nurlu n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 l\u0259yaq\u0259tli pe\u015fk\u0259\u015fl\u0259r yetirdi. Hümayun pad\u015fah Heratda bir neç\u0259 gün qal\u0131b, yol yor\u011funlu\u011fu v\u0259 atda \u0259yl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k \u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131qdan sonra yürü\u015f cilovunu \u0130raqa v\u0259 orada ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259k dünya xosrovu il\u0259 görü\u015f\u0259 do\u011fru yön\u0259ltdi. Onlar\u0131n çatd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r bir \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 vilay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 o yerl\u0259rin hakiml\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259yan-\u0259\u015frafi qar\u015f\u0131lama m\u0259rasimi t\u0259\u015fkil edib, pe\u015fk\u0259\u015fl\u0259r verirdil\u0259r. Q\u0259zvin darüss\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 o yerin k\u0259lant\u0259ri olan Xac\u0259 \u018fbdülq\u0259ni C\u0259lad\u0259tinin evind\u0259 iqam\u0259t etdil\u0259r v\u0259 bir neç\u0259 vaxt h\u0259min m\u0259nzild\u0259 istirah\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful oldular. 
\nTahir C\u0259fiyev
\n(ard\u0131 var) <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Türk–müs\u0259lman dövl\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r elçil\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259nirdi Z\u0259ngin dövl\u0259tçilik tariximizin öyr\u0259nilm\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dövl\u0259tl\u0259rinin diplomatik münasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259dqiqi müst\u0259sna \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n mövcud oldu\u011fu regionda diplomatik münasib\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n t\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}