{"id":35188,"date":"2016-07-08T19:25:23","date_gmt":"2016-07-08T15:25:23","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=35188","title":{"rendered":"Manna d\u00f6vl\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik taixind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 oldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu dövl\u0259t t\u0259kc\u0259 q\u0259dimliyin\u0259 gör\u0259 deyil, t\u0259kamül d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259 d\u0259 dünyan\u0131n dövl\u0259tçilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti tarixind\u0259 mühüm yer tutur<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi Az\u0259rbaycan dövl\u0259tçiliyinin davam\u0131 olan v\u0259 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l I minilliyin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 meydana g\u0259l\u0259n Manna dövl\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dövl\u0259tçilik taixind\u0259 mühüm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 oldu. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n q\u0259dim dövl\u0259tçilik m\u0259kan\u0131 olan Urmiya hövz\u0259sind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f bu dövl\u0259t t\u0259kc\u0259 q\u0259dimliyin\u0259 gör\u0259 deyil, t\u0259kamül d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259 d\u0259 dünyan\u0131n dövl\u0259tçilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti tarixind\u0259 mühüm yer tutur. Urmiya hövz\u0259sind\u0259ki bütün dig\u0259r x\u0131rda yerli dövl\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u0259 öz hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n Manna \u015fimalda – Araz çay\u0131na (b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 ondan \u015fimala do\u011fru) v\u0259 \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 – X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edirdi.
\nManna bütün regionda ba\u015f ver\u0259n h\u0259rbi-siyasi hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak edir, Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 keçirm\u0259y\u0259 çal\u0131\u015fan qüvv\u0259tli qon\u015fular\u0131na – A\u015f\u015fur v\u0259 Urartu dövl\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 u\u011furla mübariz\u0259 apar\u0131rd\u0131. A\u015f\u015fur v\u0259 Urartu t\u0259cavüzün\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 mübariz\u0259d\u0259 o zaman Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f iskitl\u0259r (skifl\u0259r) v\u0259 kimmerl\u0259r d\u0259 f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirdil\u0259r.
\nManna hökmdarlar\u0131 irsi v\u0259 qeyri-m\u0259hdud hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 malik idil\u0259r. Lakin buna baxmayaraq onlar ölk\u0259ni a\u011fsaqqallar \u015furas\u0131n\u0131n köm\u0259yi il\u0259 idar\u0259 edirdil\u0259r ki, bu da Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dövl\u0259t idar\u0259çiliyi sah\u0259sind\u0259 q\u0259dim m\u0259\u015fv\u0259r\u0259t m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 malik oldu\u011funu sübut edir. 
\n Prof. Q. Qeybullayev qeyd edir ki, q\u0259dim türk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n tarixind\u0259 Manna ilk türk dövl\u0259tidir. Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n dövl\u0259tçilik \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sinin tarixi Mannadan ba\u015flan\u0131r . S. Qa\u015fqay qeyd edir ki, Manna ad\u0131 m\u0259n\u015f\u0259c\u0259 yerli ad idi. Ehtimal edilir ki, bu ad \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Urmiya yan\u0131 tayfalardan birin\u0259 m\u0259xsus olub, sonralar mannal\u0131lar \u0259razi v\u0259 tayfalar\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdirdikd\u0259n sonra bu ad butun dovl\u0259t\u0259 \u015famil edilib.<\/p>\n

III Salmanasar\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tinin XVI ilind\u0259ki (e.\u0259. 843) yürü\u015fü t\u0259svir edil\u0259rk\u0259n m\u0259lumat verilirdi ki, car Daxili Zamuada m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259ri tuta-tuta Munna olk\u0259sin\u0259 çat\u0131blar. Lakin s\u0259lnam\u0259d\u0259 Manna dovl\u0259tin\u0259 yuru\u015fd\u0259n v\u0259 ya bac al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan heçn\u0259 b\u0259hs edilmir. Mümkündür kü, assurlar ya Mannan\u0131 istila ed\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015f, ya da yaln\u0131z Mannan\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259ddin\u0259 kimi ir\u0259lil\u0259yib v\u0259 daha sonra yolunu d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259r\u0259k qon\u015fu Allarabia olk\u0259si uz\u0259rin\u0259 yeriyibl\u0259r.
\nUrmiya gölü hövz\u0259sind\u0259 Allabria çarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n böyük \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti vard\u0131. Allabrian\u0131n ad\u0131 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 IX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda ç\u0259kilir. III Salmanasar Allabrian\u0131n qala \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u015eurdirran\u0131 v\u0259 orada olan var-dövl\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 keçirm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verir. Hökmdar Yanziburia\u015f dövründ\u0259 Allabria c\u0259miyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda mü\u0259yy\u0259n fikir söyl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumat vard\u0131r. Assuriya Allabrian\u0131 sonralar özün\u0259 tabe etmi\u015fdi, h\u0259rç\u0259nd m\u0259lum oldu\u011funa gör\u0259, II Sarqon zaman\u0131nda mannal\u0131 Ullusunu ölk\u0259nin hökmdar\u0131 \u0130ttini dil\u0259 tutub "Urartuya xidm\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259" raz\u0131 salm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u0130tti onun fitvas\u0131 il\u0259 Assuriyaya qar\u015f\u0131 üsyan qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin Assuriya \u0259leyhin\u0259 koalisiya darmada\u011f\u0131n edilmi\u015f, çar \u0130tti is\u0259 öz ail\u0259si il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Suriyadak\u0131 Amatiya \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 sürgün edilmi\u015fdi. Allabria hökmdar\u0131 Belapaliddina dövründ\u0259 onlar Assuriyaya bac verirdil\u0259r. Sonralar çar Ah\u015feri zaman\u0131nda v\u0259 ya h\u0259tta bir az \u0259vv\u0259l assurlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istila edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Akademik Z.Bünyadov v\u0259 Y.Yusifov Mannan\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si, tarixi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda göst\u0259rirl\u0259r ki, Assuriyada III Tiqlatpalasar\u0131n (e.\u0259. 744-727-ci ill\u0259r) hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sil\u0259 Ön Asiyada siyasi v\u0259ziyy\u0259t d\u0259yi\u015fildi. O, geni\u015f i\u015f\u011falç\u0131l\u0131q müharib\u0259l\u0259ri apar\u0131r, Assuriyan\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq nüfuzunu qald\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Mannada v\u0259 ba\u015fqa ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 o, Assuriyan\u0131n siyasi t\u0259sirini art\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Urartu il\u0259 toqqu\u015fmal\u0131 oldu. III Tiqlatpalasar Manna istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 Mazamua (Krmiya gölünün c\u0259nubu v\u0259 c\u0259nub-q\u0259rb vadi hiss\u0259l\u0259ri) vilay\u0259tini tutaraq orada yeni m\u0259skunlar yerl\u0259\u015fdirdi v\u0259 Mazamuan\u0131 Assuriyaya birl\u0259\u015fdirdi. Mazamua Zamuan\u0131n \u015fimal hiss\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Urartu da bu torpaq u\u011frunda uzun-uzad\u0131 müharib\u0259l\u0259r aparm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bununla urartlar Mannan\u0131n bu \u0259razisind\u0259n s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b ç\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131lar. III Tiqlatpalasar i\u015f\u011fal olunmu\u015f ölk\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259halisinin bir yerd\u0259n ba\u015fqa yer\u0259 köçürm\u0259 siyas\u0259ti yürüdürdü. O, Urmiya gölü hövz\u0259sind\u0259 (\u0259sas\u0259n q\u0259rb v\u0259 c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbind\u0259) ya\u015fayan kutil\u0259ri, sanqibutil\u0259ri, sanqill\u0259ri, budil\u0259ri, nakkabil\u0259ri v\u0259 s. ba\u015fqa \u0259raziy\u0259 köçürdü v\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin III Tiqlatpalasar Mannan\u0131n dig\u0259r vilay\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 toxunmad\u0131. Tiqlatpalasar\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi ölk\u0259l\u0259r iç\u0259risind\u0259 Manna yad edilmir, o ancaq, Mannan\u0131n qo\u015funlar\u0131 Urartu v\u0259 Midiya il\u0259 müharib\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131rd\u0131. Manna hökmdar\u0131 III III Tiqlatpalasar\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsind\u0259 özünün mütt\u0259fiqini görürdü.
\nBu dövrd\u0259 Manna ikimeylli xarici siyas\u0259t mövcud idi. Bir qrup Assuriya il\u0259 ittifaqa meyl göst\u0259rir, bununla da Manna torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n bütövlüyünü saxlay\u0131r v\u0259 Urartunun i\u015f\u011falç\u0131l\u0131q niyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259dd ç\u0259kirdi. \u0130ranzu Assuriya il\u0259 mütt\u0259fiq kimi davran\u0131r v\u0259 onun siyasi üstünlüyünü tan\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Uzun müdd\u0259t Urartu müdaxil\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 mübariz\u0259 aparan Mannaya \u0259min-amanl\u0131q laz\u0131m idi. dig\u0259r qrup Urartu il\u0259 ittifaqa meyl göst\u0259rir v\u0259 Assuriya \u0259leyhin\u0259 qüvv\u0259l\u0259ri birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 ça\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Ola bilsin ki, III Tiqlatpalasar Urmiya gölünün c\u0259nub v\u0259 c\u0259nub-q\u0259rb torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n Urartuya meyl göst\u0259r\u0259n \u0259halisini siyasi mövqeyin\u0259 gör\u0259 köçürmü\u015fdü. H\u0259r halda ikinci qrupun siyas\u0259ti Mannan\u0131n \u0259razi bütbvlüyünü parçalaya bil\u0259rdi, eyni zamanda, daxili qüvv\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 vilay\u0259tl\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zi dövl\u0259t \u0259traf\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259l tör\u0259dirdi. Keçmi\u015fin t\u0259crüb\u0259si Manna hökmdar\u0131n\u0131n xarici siyas\u0259tinin istiqam\u0259\u011fini mü\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirdi. Onun assur meylli siyas\u0259ti Ön Asiyan\u0131n bu qüdr\u0259tili dövl\u0259tini Mannan\u0131n havadar\u0131na çevirmi\u015fdi. Bel\u0259 hal, ilk növb\u0259d\u0259, Urartunu narahat edirdi, çünki Urartu hökmdarlar\u0131 Manna torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259e niyy\u0259tind\u0259n \u0259l ç\u0259km\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r.
\nAssur meylli-xarici siyas\u0259t Manna dövl\u0259tini Urartu i\u015f\u011falç\u0131lar\u0131ndan xilas etmi\u015f v\u0259 ölk\u0259nin vahid m\u0259rk\u0259zd\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si üçün \u015f\u0259rait yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin \u0130ranzunun dövl\u0259ti m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 siyas\u0259ti Mannan\u0131n mü\u0259yy\u0259n cani\u015finl\u0259rinin m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 uy\u011fun g\u0259lmirdi, cani\u015finl\u0259rin b\u0259zisi m\u0259rk\u0259zd\u0259n ayr\u0131lma fitvas\u0131na gedirdil\u0259r. Eyni zamanda, Urartu manan\u0131n daxili i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Cani\u015finl\u0259ri m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 üsyana t\u0259hrik edirdi.
\nUrartu hökmdar\u0131 I Rusa (e.\u0259. 730-714-cü ill\u0259r) i\u015f\u011falç\u0131l\u0131q niyy\u0259tinin h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Mannan\u0131n Zigiru vilay\u0259tinin cani\u015fini v\u0259 ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r il\u0259 sazi\u015f\u0259 girdi. Mannan\u0131n Zikirtu vilay\u0259tinin cani\u015finin Mettati \u0259hali aras\u0131nda \u0130ranzuya qar\u015f\u0131 üsyan meyll\u0259ri yarad\u0131rd\u0131. E.\u0259. 719-cu ild\u0259 Mannan\u0131n \u015euandahul v\u0259 Durdukka \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u0259halisi Mettatiy\u0259 arxanalaraq \u0130ranzuya qar\u015f\u0131 üsyana qalxd\u0131. Assur hökmdar\u0131 II Sarqonun (e.\u0259. 722-705-ci ill\u0259r) kitab\u0259sind\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 deyilir: "Hakimiyy\u0259timin üçüncü ilind\u0259 \u015euandahul v\u0259 Durdukka qala \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri öz a\u011falar\u0131na, m\u0259nimboyunduru\u011fumu ç\u0259k\u0259n Manna hökmdar\u0131 \u0130ranzuya qar\u015f\u0131 üsyan fikrin\u0259 dü\u015fdül\u0259r v\u0259 döyü\u015fçü v\u0259 suvaril\u0259rini verm\u0259kl\u0259 yard\u0131m göst\u0259rdi. (Allah) A\u015f\u015furun çoxlu qo\u015fununu m\u0259n silahland\u0131rd\u0131m v\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri tutma\u011fa getdim". II Sarqon s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rinin Manna il\u0259 ittifaq\u0131na sadiq qalaraq üsyanç\u0131lar\u0131n üz\u0259rin\u0259 qo\u015fun yeritdi. Yürü\u015fün gedi\u015find\u0259 üsyana meyl ed\u0259n v\u0259 I Rusa il\u0259 sövd\u0259l\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir s\u0131ra \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259halisini Suriyaya köçürdü. II Sarqon m\u0259lumat verir ki, "Sukka \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259halisini, bala \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259halisini. Abitikna \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259halisini onlar\u0131n kökünü k\u0259s\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k pis m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t verdiyi v\u0259 Urartu hökmdar\u0131 il\u0259 sazi\u015f\u0259 girdiyi üçün günah i\u015fl\u0259tdikl\u0259ri üçün m\u0259n öz yerl\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259rb\u0259, Suriyaya köçürdüm". II sarqon üsyanç\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri da\u011f\u0131daraq yand\u0131rd\u0131. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, cani\u015fin Metatta v\u0259 I Rusa t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Manna hökmdar\u0131 \u0130ranzuya qar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f üsyan Assuriyan\u0131n köm\u0259yil\u0259 yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Lakin özg\u0259 torpa\u011f\u0131nda ara q\u0131z\u0131\u015fd\u0131ran Rusiya uyan Mettati vahid Manna dövl\u0259tini parçalamaq üçün fürs\u0259t axtar\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ranzu v\u0259fat etdikd\u0259n sonra onlar yeni mütt\u0259fiql\u0259r tap\u0131b Manna hökmdar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 fitn\u0259-f\u0259sada ba\u015flad\u0131lar.
\n(ard\u0131 var)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu dövl\u0259t t\u0259kc\u0259 q\u0259dimliyin\u0259 gör\u0259 deyil, t\u0259kamül d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 gör\u0259 d\u0259 dünyan\u0131n dövl\u0259tçilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti tarixind\u0259 mühüm yer tutur \u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi Az\u0259rbaycan dövl\u0259tçiliyinin davam\u0131 olan v\u0259 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l I minilliyin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 meydana g\u0259l\u0259n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=35188"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35188\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=35188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=35188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=35188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}