{"id":234281,"date":"2025-11-26T07:03:14","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T03:03:14","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=234281","title":{"rendered":"B\u0259zi h\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259r q\u0131\u015fda niy\u0259 donmur?"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar Clubiona cinsin\u0259 aid hörümç\u0259kl\u0259rin q\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 nec\u0259 aktiv qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259tta m\u0259nfi temperaturda bel\u0259 donmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izah edibl\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ucnoqta.az x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Brno yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 armud ba\u011flar\u0131nda toplanan f\u0259rdl\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131raraq, elm adamlar\u0131 bu hörümç\u0259kl\u0259rin toxumalar\u0131nda buz \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alan v\u0259 donma temperaturunda ov etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n xüsusi antifriz zülallar\u0131 istehsal etdiyini a\u015fkar etdil\u0259r. \u018fld\u0259 edil\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar hörümç\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi q\u0131\u015f yuxusunu \u0259v\u0259z ed\u0259n molekulyar mexanizmi a\u015fkara ç\u0131xar\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\u018fks\u0259r hörümç\u0259kl\u0259r \u015fidd\u0259tli soyu\u011fa döz\u0259 bilm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, Norveç “Bolyphantes” indeksi v\u0259 ya “Philodromus” tullanan hörümç\u0259k kimi b\u0259zi növl\u0259r bu antifriz zülallar\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 temperaturda u\u011furla ya\u015fay\u0131rlar. \u0130ndi onlara “Clubiona” kis\u0259li hörümç\u0259k qo\u015fulub ki, onun zülal\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r qütb bal\u0131qlar\u0131nda tap\u0131lanlara b\u0259nz\u0259r qeyri-adi β-solenoid qurulu\u015funa gör\u0259 xüsusil\u0259 maraql\u0131d\u0131r. Bu zülallar buz kristallar\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n böyüm\u0259sini mane\u0259 tör\u0259dir, hörümç\u0259yin b\u0259d\u0259n mayel\u0259rinin donmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, bioloqlar “Clubiona”dak\u0131 bu molekullar\u0131n dig\u0259r h\u0259\u015f\u0259ratlardak\u0131 v\u0259 artropodlardak\u0131 analoqlar\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq t\u0259kamül keçirdiyini mü\u0259yy\u0259n etdil\u0259r ki, bu da konvergent t\u0259kamülün bir nümun\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

Kvins Universitetind\u0259n Lori Qremin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi t\u0259dqiqat qrupu 2022-ci ilin dekabr\u0131ndan 2023-cü ilin fevral\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r 43 f\u0259rd toplay\u0131b. Bir hörümç\u0259yin b\u0259d\u0259nind\u0259n ç\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ekstrakt suyun donma nöqt\u0259sini dörd d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259n çox a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sala bildi v\u0259 t\u0259sir \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 durula\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lsa bel\u0259 davam edib. Buz kristallar\u0131 dem\u0259k olar ki, böyüm\u0259yi dayand\u0131r\u0131b. T\u0259hlilin t\u0259f\u0259rrüatlar\u0131 FEBS Jurnal\u0131nda d\u0259rc olunub.<\/p>\n

Zülallar buzla \u0259laq\u0259li t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259nin çoxsayl\u0131 dövrl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edil\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259crid olunmu\u015f v\u0259 t\u0259mizl\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Bu üsulda zülallar su il\u0259 dondurulur. Kütl\u0259 spektrometriyas\u0131 antifrizin GenBank-da qeydiyyatdan keçmi\u015f bir neç\u0259 izoformda mövcud oldu\u011funu v\u0259 qlikozill\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f bölg\u0259l\u0259ri ehtiva etdiyini, ehtimal ki, zülal\u0131n soyu\u011fa davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 göst\u0259rdi. Transkriptom analizi nümun\u0259d\u0259 \u0259n az\u0131 üç Clubiona növünün – C. pallidula, C. lutescens v\u0259 C. brevipes-in mövcudlu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259di. Antifriz zülal ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu cins\u0259 xas idi v\u0259 dig\u0259r artropodlarda tap\u0131lmay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Molekulyar qurulu\u015f AlphaFold2 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k modell\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. Yaranan forma — treonin qal\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 örtülmü\u015f düz s\u0259th\u0259 malik β-solenoid — zülal\u0131n buz kristallar\u0131na nec\u0259 ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n böyüm\u0259sini nec\u0259 mane\u0259 tör\u0259tdiyini ortaya qoydu. Bu zülallar t\u0259krar t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259n sonra dem\u0259k olar ki, tamamil\u0259 dondurulmu\u015f fazaya keçdiyind\u0259n qütb bal\u0131q antifrizl\u0259rind\u0259n daha t\u0259sirli olduqlar\u0131 sübut edildi. T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n mü\u0259llifl\u0259ri hesab edirl\u0259r ki, bu zülallar\u0131n funksiyas\u0131n\u0131 anlamaq hörümç\u0259kl\u0259rin q\u0131\u015fda aktiv qalmaq qabiliyy\u0259tini izah edir v\u0259 yeni biotexnoloji h\u0259ll\u0259r üçün \u0259sas yarada bil\u0259r. Clubiona zülallar\u0131n\u0131n analoqlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259ri olaraq k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131 donmadan qoruya, qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n raf ömrünü uzada v\u0259 toxumalar\u0131n v\u0259 hüceyr\u0259l\u0259rin dondurulmas\u0131 da daxil olmaqla tibbi t\u0259tbiql\u0259r tapa bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u0259dqiqatç\u0131lar Clubiona cinsin\u0259 aid hörümç\u0259kl\u0259rin q\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 nec\u0259 aktiv qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259tta m\u0259nfi temperaturda bel\u0259 donmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izah edibl\u0259r. Ucnoqta.az x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Brno yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 armud ba\u011flar\u0131nda toplanan f\u0259rdl\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131raraq, elm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-234281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maraqli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/234281","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=234281"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/234281\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=234281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=234281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=234281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}