{"id":216235,"date":"2025-01-13T09:20:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T05:20:44","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=216235","title":{"rendered":"B\u0259\u015f\u0259r tarixinin \u0259n uzun ili"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yuli Sezar Julian t\u0259qvimini t\u0259qdim etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l il h\u0259r biri 31 günd\u0259n ibar\u0259t c\u0259mi 4 aydan ibar\u0259t çox f\u0259rqli görünürdü.
\nElm adamlar\u0131 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 46-c\u0131 ilin 445 gün davam etdiyini mü\u0259yy\u0259n edibl\u0259r ki, bu da normal bir ild\u0259n 80 gün çoxdur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ucnoqta.az “\u0130flscience”y\u0259 istinad\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, bir il Yerin Gün\u0259\u015f \u0259traf\u0131nda bir dvr\u0259nin tamamlamas\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin yeni ilin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 olaraq t\u0259yin etdiyi nöqt\u0259y\u0259 qay\u0131tmas\u0131 üçün n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r vaxt laz\u0131md\u0131r. Qeyd olunur ki, müasir t\u0259qviml\u0259r çox ayd\u0131n \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qeyd olunur, lakin bu, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 bel\u0259 olmay\u0131b. \u018fvv\u0259lki t\u0259qviml\u0259r o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 efffektiv deyildi.<\/p>\n

Yuli Sezar Yulian t\u0259qvimini t\u0259qdim etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l il çox f\u0259rqli görünürdü v\u0259 h\u0259r biri 31 günd\u0259n ibar\u0259t c\u0259mi 4 aydan (mart, iyul, oktyabr v\u0259 may) ibar\u0259t idi. Dig\u0259rl\u0259ri daha q\u0131sa idi, h\u0259r biri 29 günd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi, fevral 28 günd\u0259n ba\u015fqa.<\/p>\n

N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259qvim Yerin Gün\u0259\u015f \u0259traf\u0131nda h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti il\u0259 tez bir zamanda sinxronla\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 200-cü ild\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q idi ki, indi 14 mart dediyimiz hadis\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n dem\u0259k olar ki, tam tutulma iyulun 11-d\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f kimi qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131b.
\nHesablamada ça\u015fq\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq üçün bir neç\u0259 ild\u0259n bir Mercedonius adl\u0131 "interkalar ay" \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n

Bu, t\u0259qvim saxlamaq üçün \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 yol deyildi. Mercedonius t\u0259qvimi ill\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rmaq üçün istifad\u0259 edils\u0259 d\u0259, o, h\u0259m d\u0259 siyasi sui-istifad\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, Papalar Kollecinin t\u0259qvimi d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k hüququ var idi v\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n ondan siyasi m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259r üçün, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, kimins\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259t müdd\u0259tini uzatmaq üçün istifad\u0259 edirdi.<\/p>\n

Yuli Sezar daha sonra eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 45-ci ild\u0259 Julian t\u0259qvimini t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k poz\u011funlu\u011fu düz\u0259ltdi, il \u0259rzind\u0259 günl\u0259rin ümumi say\u0131n\u0131 365-\u0259 çatd\u0131rmaq üçün q\u0131sa aylara (fevraldan ba\u015fqa) bir v\u0259 ya iki gün \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259kl\u0259.
\n“Sonra diqq\u0259tini dövl\u0259tin yenid\u0259n qurulmas\u0131na yön\u0259ld\u0259r\u0259k, t\u0259qvimd\u0259 islahat etdi… v\u0259 ili gün\u0259\u015fin gedi\u015fat\u0131na uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131, onu 365 günd\u0259n ibar\u0259t etdi, interkalyar ay\u0131 l\u0259\u011fv etdi v\u0259 h\u0259r dörd ild\u0259 bir gün \u0259lav\u0259 etdi. "Roma tarixçisi Suetonius Julius Sezar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131" \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.
\nAmma… h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259ll edilm\u0259li olan bir problem var idi – il h\u0259l\u0259 f\u0259sill\u0259rl\u0259 uy\u011fun g\u0259lmirdi v\u0259 bunu düz\u0259ltm\u0259k üçün Sezar eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 46-c\u0131 il\u0259 bir neç\u0259 ay \u0259lav\u0259 etdi. 
\nSuetonius yaz\u0131rd\u0131: "Mövsüml\u0259rin düzgün hesablanmas\u0131n\u0131n növb\u0259ti yanvar t\u0259qviml\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u015flaya bilm\u0259si üçün o, noyabr v\u0259 dekabr aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda iki ay qoydu".
\n – "buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin edildiyi il, \u0259vv\u0259lki ad\u0259t üzr\u0259 h\u0259min il\u0259 aid olan interkalar ay da daxil olmaqla, 15 aydan ibar\u0259t bir il idi."
\nN\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 46-c\u0131 il. e. qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarixd\u0259 \u0259n uzun il oldu – 445 gün v\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n annus confusedis v\u0259 ya "ça\u015fq\u0131nl\u0131q ili" adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yuli Sezar Julian t\u0259qvimini t\u0259qdim etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l il h\u0259r biri 31 günd\u0259n ibar\u0259t c\u0259mi 4 aydan ibar\u0259t çox f\u0259rqli görünürdü. Elm adamlar\u0131 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 46-c\u0131 ilin 445 gün davam etdiyini…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-216235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maraqli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=216235"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216235\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=216235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=216235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=216235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}