{"id":204662,"date":"2024-06-28T11:31:44","date_gmt":"2024-06-28T07:31:44","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=204662","title":{"rendered":"Bu g\u00fcn H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu gün Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin do\u011fum günüdür.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ucnoqta.az x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 1837-ci il iyunun 28-d\u0259 Göyçay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. \u0130lk t\u0259hsilini mollaxanada alm\u0131\u015f, sonra \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 oxumu\u015f, orta t\u0259hsilini is\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 tamamlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1861-ci ild\u0259 Moskva Universitetin\u0259 imtahans\u0131z daxil olmu\u015f, dörd il sonra h\u0259min universitetin t\u0259bi\u0259t-riyaziyyat fakült\u0259sini bitirib.<\/p>\n

Ali t\u0259hsil oca\u011f\u0131nda oxudu\u011fu müdd\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda xüsusi olaraq seçildiyin\u0259 gör\u0259 fakült\u0259ni \u0259la qiym\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u015fa vurduqdan sonra elmi i\u015f üçün universitetd\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131b. Lakin v\u0259t\u0259nin\u0259 olan sonsuz m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259ti, xalq\u0131na, mill\u0259tin\u0259 xidm\u0259t etm\u0259k arzusu onu Az\u0259rbaycana ç\u0259kib g\u0259tirib. Bir müdd\u0259t Tiflisd\u0259 qulluq ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Qubada m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015f, daha sonra 1869-cu ild\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k burada rusca orta m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259n d\u0259rs dem\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. Müt\u0259r\u0259qqi fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 gör\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259qib edildiyind\u0259n mü\u0259llimlikd\u0259n \u0259l ç\u0259kmi\u015f, xalq\u0131 üçün geni\u015f m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259k u\u011frunda f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. Vaxtil\u0259 evl\u0259rind\u0259 keçiril\u0259n \u015feir v\u0259 musiqi h\u0259v\u0259skarlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259clisl\u0259ri onda d\u0259rin iz burax\u0131b.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Az\u0259rbaycan pe\u015f\u0259kar teatr\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Onun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi v\u0259 dramatuqlardan N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov il\u0259 \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Ad\u0131göz\u0259lovun f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 1873-cü ild\u0259 M. F. Axundovun “Hac\u0131 Qara” v\u0259 “L\u0259nk\u0259ran xan\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziri” komediyalar\u0131 tama\u015faya qoyulub.<\/p>\n

O, z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015f kütl\u0259l\u0259rin xo\u015fb\u0259xtlik v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqisini elmd\u0259 görmü\u015f, elmin, t\u0259hsilin h\u0259yatla \u0259laq\u0259sin\u0259 böyük \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi geni\u015f ictimai f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259rmi\u015f, N.N\u0259rimanov il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan mü\u0259lliml\u0259rinin Bak\u0131da keçirilmi\u015f birinci qurultay\u0131n\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 xüsusi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t vermi\u015f, 1901-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0131zlar üçün ilk m\u0259kt\u0259bin aç\u0131lmas\u0131na böyük köm\u0259k göst\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Günd\u0259lik h\u0259yat\u0131nda v\u0259 i\u015find\u0259 xalqla s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131 olmu\u015f, asud\u0259 vaxtlar\u0131n\u0131 xalq aras\u0131nda keçirmi\u015f, u\u015faqlar\u0131 v\u0259 yeniyetm\u0259l\u0259ri elm\u0259, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259, maarif\u0259 h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259ndirmi\u015fdir. Apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131n köm\u0259yi il\u0259 Bak\u0131 gimnaziyas\u0131nda oxuyan t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131 az bir zamanda xeyli çoxalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri kimi Bak\u0131n\u0131n sür\u0259tli inki\u015faf\u0131 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 z\u0259rur\u0259tini do\u011furmu\u015fdur. Ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet\u0259 böyük ehtiyac oldu\u011funu d\u0259rk ed\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi q\u0259zet çap etm\u0259k üçün hökum\u0259t\u0259 müraci\u0259t etmi\u015fdir. Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar o \u0130stanbuldan hürufat g\u0259tirtdirmi\u015f v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, xeyli z\u0259hm\u0259td\u0259n, \u0259zab-\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n sonra 1875-ci ilin 22 iyulunda Bak\u0131da qubernator m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 “\u018fkinçi” q\u0259zetinin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 müv\u0259ff\u0259q olmu\u015fdur. Bu q\u0259zetl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulub.<\/p>\n

1875-ci ilin 22 iyulundan 1877-ci ilin 29 sentyabr\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r çap\u0131n\u0131 davam etdir\u0259n “\u018fkinçi” ayda iki d\u0259f\u0259 300-400 tirajla n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015fdur. Bu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 q\u0259zetin 56 nömr\u0259si i\u015f\u0131q üzü görmü\u015fdür. “\u018fkinçi” q\u0259zetind\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun, \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Goraninin Moskvadan, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dta\u011f\u0131 \u018flizad\u0259 \u015eirvaninin \u015eamax\u0131dan, Heyd\u0259rinin D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n gönd\u0259rdikl\u0259ri m\u0259ktublar, Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin \u015feirl\u0259ri v\u0259 Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun “V\u0259kili-nam\u0259lumi mill\u0259t” imzas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259rc olunub.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u018fkinçi” q\u0259zetinin d\u0259sti-x\u0259tti \u0259sas\u0259n bir ideya üz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015fdur. Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 onunla birlikd\u0259 bu q\u0259zetd\u0259 çal\u0131\u015fan bir s\u0131ra maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r, demokratik na\u015firl\u0259r \u015e\u0259rqin geriliyini, \u0259tal\u0259t v\u0259 süstlüyünü h\u0259qiqi azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olmamas\u0131nda görürdül\u0259r. Onlar öz sözl\u0259rini dolay\u0131 yolla olsa bel\u0259, bu q\u0259zet vasit\u0259si il\u0259 xalqa çatd\u0131ra bilirdil\u0259r. O dövrd\u0259 xalq\u0131n ba\u015fa dü\u015f\u0259c\u0259yi sad\u0259 dild\u0259 yaz\u0131lan bu q\u0259zetd\u0259 bel\u0259 fikirl\u0259rin s\u0259sl\u0259nm\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 \u0259sar\u0259t alt\u0131nda saxlayan imperiya m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131 ciddi narahat edirdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk m\u0259tbu orqan kimi “\u018fkinçi” öz \u0259sas ideyas\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyata da aid yeni demokratik t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r ir\u0259li sürürdü. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n böyük dramaturqu N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov köhn\u0259 \u015ferl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u015fairl\u0259ri müasir h\u0259yatdan yazma\u011fa, xalq\u0131 c\u0259hal\u0259t v\u0259 q\u0259fl\u0259t yuxusundan ay\u0131ltma\u011fa, müasir ruhda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 ça\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla Z\u0259rdabinin s\u0259sin\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n bir çox görk\u0259mli, maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r insanlar\u0131 s\u0259s verirdi. T\u0259bii ki, bu cür demokratik m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n sonra çarizmin diqt\u0259si il\u0259 özl\u0259rini “ziyal\u0131” sayan b\u0259zi üzd\u0259niraq insanlar yerb\u0259yerd\u0259n “\u018fkinçi”nin üz\u0259rin\u0259 hucuma keçdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

1877-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 29-da “\u018fkinçi” öz n\u0259\u015frini dayand\u0131rma\u011fa m\u0259cbur oldu. Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n ilk qaranqu\u015fu olan bu q\u0259zet iki illik ömür ya\u015fasa da xalq\u0131n milli v\u0259 müasir ruhda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 olunmas\u0131nda çox böyük rol oynad\u0131. Maarifçi v\u0259 demokratik ideyalar\u0131n carç\u0131s\u0131 olan “\u018fkinçi” realist Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda müst\u0259sna xidm\u0259tl\u0259r göst\u0259rdi. M\u0259hz buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqip\u0259rv\u0259r q\u0259zet mürt\u0259ce, i\u015f\u011falç\u0131 bir rejimin \u0259sar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda çox ya\u015faya bilm\u0259di.<\/p>\n

1880-c\u0131 ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi do\u011fma k\u0259ndi Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rrüfat\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r verir, m\u0259qam\u0131 yeti\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 yerli camaata öz maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r, demokratik ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 çatd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bak\u0131dan k\u0259narda ya\u015famas\u0131na baxmayaraq o yen\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259tbuatda f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirdi.<\/p>\n

1880-1890-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 na\u015firin Bak\u0131da v\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 ç\u0131xan “Ziya”, “K\u0259\u015fkül”, “Kaspi”, “Novoye obozreniye” v\u0259 s. q\u0259zetl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 çoxlu elmi-kütl\u0259vi m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259\u015fr olunub.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 1875-ci ild\u0259 “\u018fkinçi” q\u0259zetinin 1, 4, 8-ci, 1876-c\u0131 ild\u0259 26-c\u0131 saylar\u0131nda v\u0259 1899-cu il “Kaspi” q\u0259zetinin 172-ci say\u0131nda t\u043erpaq\u015fünasl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259sas müdd\u0259alar\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259kinçilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar vermi\u015fdir, t\u043erpa\u011f\u0131n x\u0131\u015fla deyil, k\u043etanla \u015fumlanmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259klif edib.<\/p>\n

H\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n son ill\u0259rind\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Bak\u0131 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Dumas\u0131nda maarif \u015föb\u0259sind\u0259 r\u0259smi v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 çal\u0131\u015faraq Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259ki m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 ba\u015fç\u0131l\u0131q etmi\u015fdir. 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da keçiril\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan mü\u0259lliml\u0259rinin birinci qurultay\u0131nda f\u0259al nümay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 o olub.<\/p>\n

G\u0259rgin elmi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q i\u015fl\u0259yib özünü yordu\u011fu üçün iflic olmu\u015f v\u0259 1907-ci il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. O, 1907-ci ild\u0259 köhn\u0259 Bibiheyb\u0259t m\u0259scidinin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn olunsa da, 1937-ci ild\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razi da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, m\u0259rhumun sümükl\u0259ri bir-neç\u0259 il evd\u0259 ail\u0259sinin yan\u0131nda qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1957-ci ild\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n B\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin v\u0259fat\u0131n\u0131n 50 illiyi qeyd olunark\u0259n onun sümükl\u0259ri F\u0259xri Xiyabanda d\u0259fn olunub.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan T\u0259bi\u0259t Tarixi Muzeyi, G\u0259nc\u0259 Pedaqoji \u0130nstitutu H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu gün Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin do\u011fum günüdür. Ucnoqta.az x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 1837-ci il iyunun 28-d\u0259 Göyçay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. \u0130lk t\u0259hsilini mollaxanada…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-204662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-media-butun-xeberler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/204662","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=204662"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/204662\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=204662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=204662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=204662"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}