{"id":132369,"date":"2021-10-22T11:46:46","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T07:46:46","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=132369","title":{"rendered":"Alban m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 ayaq a\u00e7an erm\u0259nil\u0259r alban xa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcnk\u00fcnl\u0259\u015fdirdil\u0259r…"},"content":{"rendered":"

(davam)
\nQon\u015fuluqda möht\u0259\u015f\u0259m Alban xaçlar\u0131 mövcud idi. Ba\u015fqalar\u0131na m\u0259xsus yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259 varsa sahib ç\u0131xan v\u0259 özününkül\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r buna bigan\u0259 qala bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r. Qalmad\u0131lar da.<\/strong><\/p>\n

VIII \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq “o\u011furluq” art\u0131q sistemli hal alma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u0259min dövrd\u0259 h\u0259m Erm\u0259nistan, h\u0259m d\u0259 Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b xilaf\u0259tinin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 qat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. X\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259r islam\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rait yaratmaq üçün mümkün q\u0259d\u0259r kils\u0259l\u0259rin hüquqlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma\u011fa çal\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu dövrd\u0259 Qafqaz albanlar\u0131n\u0131n böyük bir qismi islam\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r is\u0259 h\u0259r cür ç\u0259tinlikl\u0259r\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n öz dinl\u0259rini qoruyub saxlad\u0131lar. Alban Apostol Kils\u0259si davamç\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 itirdiyind\u0259n getdikc\u0259 z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. \u018fksin\u0259, erm\u0259nil\u0259r Erm\u0259ni Qriqoryan Kils\u0259si \u0259traf\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k öz milli varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rini qoruya bildil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Yaranm\u0131\u015f imkandan b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259k üçün erm\u0259ni katolikoslar\u0131 \u0259n alçaq h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l at\u0131r, x\u0259b\u0259rçilik edir, \u0259r\u0259b x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rini Alban kils\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qald\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Sasanil\u0259r dövründ\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, \u0259r\u0259b hökmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dövründ\u0259 d\u0259 xilaf\u0259tin h\u0259rbi qüvv\u0259l\u0259rinin köm\u0259yin\u0259 \u0259l atd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

C\u0259nubi Qafqazda özl\u0259rin\u0259 arxa axtaran \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259r (\u0259r\u0259b sülal\u0259si) is\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r v\u0259 albanlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 t\u0259friq\u0259çilikd\u0259n bacar\u0131qla istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, Alban kils\u0259sinin erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sin\u0259 tabe olunmas\u0131 üçün \u015f\u0259rait yaratd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 ki, 705-ci ild\u0259 erm\u0259ni katolikosu \u0130lya x\u0259lif\u0259 \u018fbd \u0259l-Malik\u0259 (685-705) yalandan x\u0259b\u0259r çatd\u0131rd\u0131 ki, albanlar Bizansla \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 gir\u0259r\u0259k Xilaf\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 ç\u0131xmaq ist\u0259yirl\u0259r, el\u0259 buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 diofozot m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 etiqad el\u0259yirl\u0259r. Vaxtil\u0259 Ziya Bünyadovun m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 rast g\u0259ldiyim h\u0259min m\u0259ktubda bildirilir: “Hökmdar \u018fbdül-Malik \u018fmir \u0259l-Möminin\u0259 erm\u0259ni katolikosu \u0130lyadan.<\/p>\n

Qadir Allah\u0131n irad\u0259si il\u0259 bizim tabe ölk\u0259miz Siz\u0259 qulluq edir. Biz v\u0259 Alban kils\u0259si bir ilahi \u0130sa dinin\u0259 etiqad edirik. Partav (B\u0259rd\u0259) taxt\u0131nda oturan indiki Alban katolikosu yunan imperatoru il\u0259 sazi\u015f\u0259 girib öz ibad\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 onun ad\u0131n\u0131 ç\u0259kir v\u0259 ölk\u0259ni m\u0259cbur edir ki, ham\u0131 dini etiqadda ona qo\u015fulsun v\u0259 onun himay\u0259sini q\u0259bul etsin. \u0130ndi qoy bu Siz\u0259 m\u0259lum olsun, ta bu bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar q\u0259bul ed\u0259siniz, çünki bu b\u0259d\u0259fkarl\u0131qda onun bir \u0259yan qad\u0131n h\u0259mfikri d\u0259 vard\u0131r. Böyük hökmdar, Siz öz hakimiyy\u0259tinizl\u0259 \u0259mr buyurun onlar Allaha qar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259dikl\u0259ri günah üstünd\u0259 müst\u0259h\u0259qq olduqlar\u0131 c\u0259zaya çats\u0131nlar”.<\/p>\n

Y\u0259ni erm\u0259nil\u0259r siz\u0259 sadiqdir, siz\u0259 qulluq edir, Alban kils\u0259si is\u0259 dü\u015fm\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259dir.
\nBizans imperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 dü\u015fm\u0259n münasib\u0259td\u0259 olan v\u0259 bölg\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyata ba\u015flamaq üçün b\u0259han\u0259 axtaran x\u0259lif\u0259 is\u0259 bu m\u0259ktubdan sevin\u0259r\u0259k erm\u0259ni katolikosuna a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259zmunda bir m\u0259ktubla cavab verdi: “Ey Allah\u0131n xadimi v\u0259 erm\u0259ni xalq\u0131n\u0131n katolikosu \u0130lya, s\u0259nin s\u0259mimi m\u0259ktubunu oxudum v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tim oldu\u011funa gör\u0259 öz s\u0259daq\u0259tli b\u0259nd\u0259mi çoxlu qo\u015funla gönd\u0259rdim. \u018fmr etdik ki, bizim hökmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za qar\u015f\u0131 qiyam ed\u0259n albanlarda sizin dininiz\u0259 uy\u011fun d\u0259yi\u015fiklik edilsin. Bizim hökmü b\u0259nd\u0259miz Partavda, s\u0259nin hüzurunda icra ed\u0259c\u0259kdir. Nersesi (Alban katolikosu) v\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259fkarl\u0131qda onun h\u0259mfikri olan qad\u0131n\u0131 bir z\u0259ncir\u0259 ba\u011flayacaq v\u0259 el\u0259 \u015fahan\u0259 mühakim\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259kdir ki, onlar bütün qiyamç\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda rüsvay olsunlar”.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra x\u0259lif\u0259 \u018fbd \u0259l-Malik \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin h\u0259rbi-siyasi gücün\u0259 arxalanaraq, Alban katolikoslu\u011funu \u0130liyaya tabe etdirdi. Erm\u0259ni Qriqoryan Kils\u0259sin\u0259 tabe edilmi\u015f Alban Apostol Kils\u0259sind\u0259 erm\u0259ni dili v\u0259 \u0259lifbas\u0131ndan ba\u015fqa dil v\u0259 \u0259lifbalar\u0131n istifad\u0259si qada\u011fan edildi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, t\u0259dric\u0259n alban dili v\u0259 alban \u0259lifbas\u0131 yava\u015f-yava\u015f s\u0131radan ç\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131. Erm\u0259ni kils\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rinin verdiyi q\u0259rara \u0259sas\u0259n albandilli \u0259d\u0259biyyat (bura h\u0259m dini, h\u0259m tarixi, h\u0259m d\u0259 b\u0259dii \u0259d\u0259biyyat daxildir) nümun\u0259l\u0259ri toplan\u0131laraq q\u0259dim erm\u0259ni dilin\u0259 t\u0259rcüm\u0259 edildi v\u0259 orijinallar\u0131 yand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Alban tarixçisi Moisey Kalankatl\u0131 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Böyük erm\u0259ni patriarx\u0131 Albaniyan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 Patravaya g\u0259lib böyük kils\u0259d\u0259 oturdu v\u0259 \u0259mr etdi ki, Nersesi onun hüzuruna g\u0259tirsinl\u0259r. Lakin Nerses gizl\u0259nmi\u015fdi v\u0259 onu tapa bilm\u0259dil\u0259r; onda böyük din xadimi, Alban knyaz\u0131 \u015eeroy onun yax\u0131n adamlar\u0131n\u0131 tutub \u0259mr etdi ki, Nersesi g\u0259tirsinl\u0259r, sonra onu böyük y\u0131\u011f\u0131nca\u011f\u0131n ortas\u0131nda \u0130lyan\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na g\u0259tirdil\u0259r. Lakin bu aciz adam cavab ver\u0259 bilm\u0259diyi üçün pad\u015fah\u0131n \u0259mri il\u0259 d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli \u0259zab ç\u0259kdi. Nerses döz\u0259 bilm\u0259di v\u0259 8 gün heç bir \u015fey yemed\u0131 v\u0259 öldü. O v\u0259siyy\u0259t etdi ki, onu aya\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 z\u0259ncirl\u0259 basd\u0131rs\u0131nlar. Nerses \u015eeroya l\u0259n\u0259t ya\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131, çünki, hakimiyy\u0259t üstünd\u0259 \u015eeroy v\u0259 Sprama aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ç\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259d\u0259 o,(\u015eeroy), Nersesl\u0259 Spraman\u0131n m\u0259hv olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Nerses provoslav m\u0259zh\u0259binin patriarx taxt\u0131nda 14 il oturdu v\u0259 3 il yar\u0131m günahkar qald\u0131.(688-704). Bütün bunlardan sonra dini y\u0131\u011f\u0131ncaq h\u0259lim adam olan Simeonu seçdi v\u0259 onu Albaniyan\u0131n katolikosu etdi…<\/p>\n

O, özünün B\u0259rd\u0259kür adlanan yay iqam\u0259tgah\u0131nda \u0259mr etdi ki, Nersesin ibr\u0259t dolu bütün kitablar\u0131n\u0131 sand\u0131qlara doldurub Trtu (T\u0259rt\u0259r) çay\u0131na ats\u0131nlar.”(190)…<\/p>\n

Bu as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q ona g\u0259tirib ç\u0131xard\u0131 ki, eyni hüquq v\u0259 m\u0259ns\u0259b\u0259 malik olan din xadiml\u0259rind\u0259n biri dig\u0259rin\u0259 tabe oldu. Bu is\u0259 ümumi iyerarxik qanunlar\u0131n pozulmas\u0131 dem\u0259k idi. \u018fr\u0259bl\u0259rin \u0259ll\u0259ri çatmayan da\u011fl\u0131q yerl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fayan albanlar is\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n qriqorianla\u015fma\u011fa, erm\u0259nil\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

M\u0259hz bu dövrd\u0259n etibar\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131 \u0259razisin\u0259 v\u0259 alban m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 ayaq açd\u0131lar, alban xaçlar\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259nginlikl\u0259rini m\u0259nims\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.
\nQeyd edim ki, Alban dövrü xaç r\u0259mzl\u0259ri öz orijinall\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259dii t\u0259rtibat\u0131 il\u0259 seçilir v\u0259 dig\u0259r xaçlardan f\u0259rql\u0259nirdil\u0259r. Xüsusil\u0259 d\u0259 erm\u0259ni xaç\u0131ndan. Klassik erm\u0259ni xaç da\u015flar\u0131, erm\u0259ni dini simvollar\u0131 v\u0259 r\u0259mzl\u0259ri, xüsus\u0259n d\u0259 xaç t\u0259svirl\u0259rinin özl\u0259ri sad\u0259 formada olduqlar\u0131ndan, b\u0259dii üslubuna v\u0259 xarakterin\u0259 gör\u0259 heç bir m\u0259na v\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb etmirl\u0259r. Bu xaçlar sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq kils\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 dini ayinl\u0259rin icras\u0131nda istifad\u0259 olunan adi bir dini vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyildir.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, erm\u0259ni xaçkarlar\u0131n yeni inki\u015faf dövrü (orta dövrü) ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u0259tta o q\u0259d\u0259r h\u0259yas\u0131zla\u015fd\u0131lar ki, \u0259ks\u0259r erm\u0259ni aliml\u0259ri Alban m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini m\u0259hv etm\u0259k üçün Alban xaç da\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 da erk\u0259n dövr xaçkarlar\u0131 kimi t\u0259qdim etm\u0259y\u0259 çal\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Erk\u0259n dövr xaçkarlara Alban xaç da\u015flar\u0131 qatmaqla onlar\u0131n tarixini daha q\u0259dim oldu\u011funu h\u0259yas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya qoydular. Buna qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131q olaraq tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ingilis alimi A.Van yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir daha xat\u0131rlatmaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m:
\n"Qafqaz albanlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259dimd\u0259n riay\u0259t etdikl\u0259ri v\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 o zamanlar m\u0259rhumun xatir\u0259sini yad etm\u0259k kimi saxlanm\u0131\u015f ad\u0259t\u0259 gör\u0259 ucald\u0131lan ads\u0131z q\u0259bir da\u015flar\u0131 – xaç da\u015flar\u0131 vard\u0131". (A.Van – Geaner the rites of passage)<\/p>\n

(davam\u0131 var)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(davam) Qon\u015fuluqda möht\u0259\u015f\u0259m Alban xaçlar\u0131 mövcud idi. Ba\u015fqalar\u0131na m\u0259xsus yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259 varsa sahib ç\u0131xan v\u0259 özününkül\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r buna bigan\u0259 qala bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r. Qalmad\u0131lar da. VIII \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq “o\u011furluq” art\u0131q sistemli hal…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cemiyyet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=132369"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132369\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=132369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=132369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=132369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}