{"id":113618,"date":"2021-02-24T17:01:19","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T13:01:19","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T20:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/?p=113618","title":{"rendered":"Suyun orqanizm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn faydalar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Qida T\u0259hlük\u0259sizliyi Agentliyinin (AQTA) “AQTA maarifl\u0259ndirir” rubrikas\u0131 davam edir. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Rubrika ç\u0259rçiv\u0259sind\u0259 AQTA v\u0259 Qida T\u0259hlük\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun (AQT\u0130) müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanan maarifl\u0259ndirici materiallar, sa\u011flam qidalanma il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tövsiy\u0259l\u0259r, ölk\u0259d\u0259 qida t\u0259hlük\u0259sizliyinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 z\u0259ruri m\u0259lumatlar oxucular\u0131n diqq\u0259tin\u0259 çatd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. AQT\u0130-nin Elmi-t\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 riskl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si departamentinin Biomüh\u0259ndislik ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u015föb\u0259sinin müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rinin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bud\u0259f\u0259ki maarifl\u0259ndirici mövzumuz is\u0259 suyun insan orqanizmin\u0259 faydas\u0131 haqq\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Su insan orqanizmind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynay\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, su metabolizm prosesind\u0259, b\u0259d\u0259n istiliyinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259, normal osmotik t\u0259zyiqin v\u0259 elektrolit balans\u0131n qorunmas\u0131nda i\u015ftirak edir. H\u0259mçinin su qanda, sümükd\u0259 v\u0259 beyind\u0259 optimal n\u0259m s\u0259viyy\u0259sini saxlama\u011fa köm\u0259k edir. Su onur\u011fa beynin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti üçün vacibdir. Bol su içm\u0259k oynaq a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Su h\u0259m h\u0259zm prosesini sür\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k, h\u0259m d\u0259 qidan\u0131n udulmas\u0131, n\u0259qli v\u0259 istifad\u0259sini, toksinl\u0259rin v\u0259 tullant\u0131lar\u0131n b\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259n ç\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0259v\u0259zedilm\u0259z rola malikdir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara gör\u0259, günlük su q\u0259bulu q\u0259bizliyin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq üçün d\u0259 vacibdir.<\/p>\n

Su beynimizin normal funksiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259min olunmas\u0131nda da mühüm rol oynay\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, beyin kütl\u0259sinin t\u0259xmin\u0259n 75 %-i sudan ibar\u0259tdir. Beyin idrak f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259hval-ruhiyy\u0259nin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si üçün su vacibdir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, uzun müdd\u0259t susuz qald\u0131qda unutqanl\u0131q, diqq\u0259t \u0259ksikliyi kimi hallar özünü göst\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Su itkisinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 il\u0259 yadda\u015fa m\u0259nfi t\u0259sirin aradan qalxd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 göst\u0259r\u0259n bir s\u0131ra t\u0259dqiqatlar da mövcuddur.<\/p>\n

Yetkin orqanizmd\u0259 su miqdar\u0131 b\u0259d\u0259n ç\u0259kisinin 50-60 %-ni, körp\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 75 %-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Aliml\u0259rin q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 gör\u0259, ya\u015f artd\u0131qca b\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259 ümumi su miqdar\u0131 t\u0259dric\u0259n azal\u0131r. Bu miqdar ki\u015fil\u0259rl\u0259 müqayis\u0259d\u0259 qad\u0131nlarda bir q\u0259d\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olub, b\u0259d\u0259nin t\u0259xmin\u0259n 55 %-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bunun ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u0259b\u0259bi qad\u0131nlarda ki\u015fil\u0259r\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha çox ya\u011f toxumas\u0131n\u0131n mövcud olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, böyükl\u0259rl\u0259 nisb\u0259td\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131n orqanizmind\u0259 su itkisi daha çox ba\u015f verir. Bu, u\u015faq orqanizminin daha çox maye t\u0259l\u0259b etm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Hamil\u0259lik zaman\u0131 fetus ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131n öd\u0259nilm\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259k, dünyaya g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k körp\u0259nin orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n normal inki\u015faf\u0131 üçün suya t\u0259l\u0259bat art\u0131r. Buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 hamil\u0259 qad\u0131nlar kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r su istehlak etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Ümumdünya S\u0259hiyy\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 (ÜST) normal halda 60 kq ç\u0259kiy\u0259 malik yeti\u015fkinl\u0259r üçün günd\u0259 2 l, 10 kq ç\u0259kiy\u0259 malik u\u015faqlar üçün is\u0259 1 l su istehlak\u0131n\u0131 tövsiy\u0259 edir. AB\u015e Tibb \u0130nstitutunun \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 is\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t görürl\u0259r ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 laktasiya dövründ\u0259 olan qad\u0131nlar \u0259lav\u0259 0.3 l\/gün v\u0259 1.1 l\/gün su istehlak etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Düzgün miqdarda suyun q\u0259bulu h\u0259r ya\u015f qrupu üçün h\u0259yati \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Yet\u0259rli elektrolit balans\u0131 orqanizmin optimal i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259k üçün vacibdir. \u018fks t\u0259qdird\u0259 \u0259z\u0259l\u0259 z\u0259ifliyi, yor\u011funluq kimi probleml\u0259r ba\u015f qald\u0131ra bil\u0259r. B\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259ki ümumi suyun çat\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u0259ni dehidrasiya insan\u0131n fiziki f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olma qabiliyy\u0259tini poza, sidik sistemi v\u0259 ür\u0259k-damar sistemi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rinin artmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. H\u0259dsiz su itkisi ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015fgic\u0259ll\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 ya h\u0259zm probleml\u0259rin\u0259 yol aç\u0131r. AB\u015e Milli Sa\u011flaml\u0131q \u0130nstitutunun müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri b\u0259d\u0259n ç\u0259kisinin 3-5 %-i q\u0259d\u0259r su itkisini mülayim dehidrasiya, b\u0259d\u0259n ç\u0259kisinin 6-10 %-i q\u0259d\u0259r su itkisi olduqda orta d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 dehidrasiya v\u0259 9-15 %-li su itkisini is\u0259 k\u0259skin dehidrasiya hesab edirl\u0259r. Mülayim dehidrasiya \u0259hval-ruhiyy\u0259y\u0259, yadda\u015fa v\u0259 ya beyinin normal f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259sir göst\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu simptomlar\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq üçün yenid\u0259n mü\u0259yy\u0259n q\u0259d\u0259r su q\u0259bulu kifay\u0259tdir. B\u0259zi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara gör\u0259, q\u0259hv\u0259 kimi diuretik içkil\u0259r d\u0259 mülayim dehidrasiyaya yol aça bilir. Ancaq k\u0259skin dehidrasiya böyr\u0259k çat\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ür\u0259k probleml\u0259ri, h\u0259tta ölüml\u0259 d\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r. Yüks\u0259k temperatur, yüks\u0259k v\u0259 ya son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 nisbi rütub\u0259t, g\u0259rgin fiziki güc d\u0259 k\u0259skin dehidrasiyaya s\u0259b\u0259b olur. K\u0259skin dehidrasiya zaman\u0131 tünd r\u0259ngli sidik, quru d\u0259ri, sür\u0259tli ür\u0259k döyüntüsü v\u0259 ya sür\u0259tli n\u0259f\u0259salma, \u015fok v\u0259 hu\u015fsuzluq kimi \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r mü\u015fahid\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

B\u0259d\u0259nin maye itkisini b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k üçün bu nisb\u0259ti qoruyacaq miqdarda su istehlak etm\u0259k vacibdir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, (t\u0259xmin\u0259n 80 %) içki v\u0259 su orqanizmin mayey\u0259 olan ehtiyac\u0131n\u0131 daha çox öd\u0259yir. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, orqanizmin mayey\u0259 olan t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 su ehtiva ed\u0259n qidalar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u0259 öd\u0259m\u0259k mümkündür. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara gör\u0259, ümumi su q\u0259bulunun 50 %-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rinin qidadan, xüsusil\u0259 d\u0259 su il\u0259 z\u0259ngin meyv\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum olub.<\/p>\n

Orqanizmin t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131ndan art\u0131q maye q\u0259bul etm\u0259k b\u0259z\u0259n t\u0259hlük\u0259li hallar yarada bil\u0259r. Bu böyr\u0259k v\u0259 ür\u0259k çat\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n hiponatremiyaya yol aça bil\u0259r. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, hiponatremiya q\u0259bul edil\u0259n suyun miqdar\u0131 böyr\u0259yin su xaric etm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tini a\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman yaran\u0131r. Bu zaman natrium konsentrasiyas\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n azalma n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 antidiuretik hormon (ADH) sekresiyas\u0131na mane\u0259 tör\u0259dilir ki, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 böyr\u0259kd\u0259n at\u0131lan suyun miqdar\u0131 art\u0131r. Böyr\u0259kl\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 günd\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 20-28 l su süzül\u0259 bil\u0259r. Müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, normal böyr\u0259k funksiyas\u0131 olan bir insan\u0131n iç\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi maksimum su miqdar\u0131 800-1000 ml\/saat t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stehlak edil\u0259n suyun t\u0259rkibind\u0259 Ca, Na, K, Cl, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, I, Co, Mo v\u0259 Se kimi elementl\u0259rin olmas\u0131 orqanizm üçün vacibdir. Ümumilikd\u0259, içm\u0259li su il\u0259 daha çox q\u0259bul edil\u0259n mikroelementl\u0259r kalsium v\u0259 maqneziumdur. T\u0259l\u0259b olunan günd\u0259lik su q\u0259bulu il\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259n bu elementl\u0259rin 20 %-n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rini t\u0259min ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Dig\u0259r elementl\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259 içm\u0259li su il\u0259 5 %-d\u0259n az\u0131 t\u0259min edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259n birba\u015fa götürülmü\u015f sularda b\u0259z\u0259n qur\u011fu\u015fun, mis v\u0259 bu metallar\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r oldu\u011funa gör\u0259 onlar istehlak edilm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l t\u0259dqiq edilm\u0259li v\u0259 t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

Suyun pH göst\u0259ricisi keyfiyy\u0259ti mü\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259 bilm\u0259k üçün mühüm ölçü vahididir. Suyun yararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0259min olmaq üçün t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 dezinfeksiyan\u0131n bütün m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bu ölçü vahidin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirilm\u0259lidir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, xlor il\u0259 effektiv dezinfeksiya üçün pH 8-d\u0259n az olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Suyun pH göst\u0259ricisinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 (t\u0259xmin\u0259n pH 7 v\u0259 ya daha az) a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259sir yarada bil\u0259r. Suyun optimal pH göst\u0259ricisi 6.5-8.5 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, suyun t\u0259rkibin\u0259 v\u0259 paylama sistemind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan materiallar\u0131n (borular\u0131n) t\u0259bi\u0259tin\u0259 gör\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Qida T\u0259hlük\u0259sizliyi Agentliyinin (AQTA) “AQTA maarifl\u0259ndirir” rubrikas\u0131 davam edir. Rubrika ç\u0259rçiv\u0259sind\u0259 AQTA v\u0259 Qida T\u0259hlük\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun (AQT\u0130) müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanan maarifl\u0259ndirici materiallar, sa\u011flam qidalanma il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tövsiy\u0259l\u0259r, ölk\u0259d\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maraqli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=113618"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113618\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/251278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=113618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=113618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucnoqta.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=113618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}